Yintoni usetyenziso lokulinganisa kweeseli kwiibhetri ze-lithium?

Bendisenza i-bettery pack teardown kunye noyilo lwe-BMS phantse iminyaka eyi-12. Ngalo lonke ixesha umntu endibuza ukuba "yenza ntoni kanye kanye i-balanceing?", ndibabonisa iifoto ezimbini kuphela: enye ina-2-iminyaka{5}}iminyaka eyi-36 ye-e-bike pack engalinganiyo (isiqingatha seeseli kwi-1.8 V, intsalela kwi-4.18 V), enye ibhetshi enye kunye ne-100 mA ye-e-bhayisekile ye-100 mA emva kweminyaka emithathu. Yiloo ngongoma yonke kumfanekiso omnye.

Kwiipakethe zokwenyani, iiseli azizalwa zilingana. Thatha i-100 brand -iiseli ezintsha ze-Samsung 50E kwi-tray efanayo: ukusasazeka komthamo ngokuqhelekileyo ± 30 mAh, i-self{5}}izinga lokukhupha linokwahluka ngamaxesha angama-2-3, kunye nokuchasana kwangaphakathi kunokwahluka 3-5 mΩ. Emva kwemijikelo engama-200 ababuthathaka babuyela ngasemva ngakumbi. Ngaphandle kokulinganisa, umthamo wepakethi ulawulwa yeyona seli ibuthathaka kakhulu kwintlawulo kunye neseli eyomeleleyo ekukhutshweni. Ulahlekelwa yi-20-40 % umthamo osebenzisekayo kunyaka wokuqala kuphela.

Active Cell Balancing

Kukho iindlela ezimbini kuphela abantu abalinganiselayo kwimveliso:

Yile nto isetyenziswa ngama-95% eepakethe ezingaphantsi kwama-20 kWh.
Iitshiphusi zokwenyani uya kuzibona kwiibhodi:

TI BQ769x2 / BQ769x3 / BQ78z100

Izixhobo zeAnalog LTC6804 / LTC6811 / LTC6813

Ubukhulu MAX14920 / MAX14921

I-NXP MC33771 / MC33772

Ukuphuma kwegazi okuqhelekileyo okwangoku: 80–150 mA (BQ76952 inokutyhala i-220 mA ukuba uhambelana nezikhonkwane ezimbini).
Ixabiso le-resistor kwimveliso yobuninzi: phantse rhoqo 27 Ω okanye 33 Ω 2512 1 W ipakethe.
Qalisa useto endilusebenzisayo:
Qala ukopha nge-15–25 mV ngaphezulu komndilili wepakethi ngexesha le-CV, yima xa i-delta yehla ngaphantsi kwe-6–8 mV.
Ukuba uzama ukuleqa i-2 mV uya kupheka ibhodi ngonaphakade.

Ubushushu yeyona ngxaki. Ipakethi ye-16s ye-scooter ene-100 mA yokopha inokulahla i-7-8 W ngqo kwi-BMS PCB. Yiyo loo nto ezi bhodi ze-e-bike zitshiphu ezingama-20{7} zijika kwaye ziqhekeke emva kwehlobo elinye elangeni.

Nje ukuba uye ngaphaya ~30 kWh phantse wonke umntu utshintshela esebenzayo.

Eyenyani-imizekelo yehlabathi endiyichithileyo:

I-Tesla Model S/X (2012–2021): i-DC encinane-izitena ze-DC kwi-HVJB, ~ 1 A kwimodyuli nganye

I-BMW i3 (yonke iminyaka): imodyuli ye-inductive transformer, i-24-to-1 ratio, malunga ne-2 A

Iipakethi ze-BYD Blade: iibhodi ze-capacitor ezibhabhayo ezisekwe kuyilo lwereferensi ye-Infineon TLF35568

Izilo zaseTshayina ezimileyo zogcino: Iimodyuli ezizodwa ze-DC{0}}Iimodyuli zeDC ezihamba 15–20 A kumtya wonke we-700 V

Ngaphandle-kwi{1}}kwiibhodi zeshelufu abantu abazithenga ngokwenene:

1–2 I-AliExpress eluhlaza ebhabhayo{2}}iibhodi ze-capacitor (ezo zine-8–16 iirelays ezincinci)

Heltec / Orion BMS Gen4 / REC Q / Dilithium: 5–8 A ngokupholisa okundilisekileyo

Cell Balancing

Uninzi lwee-OEMs zibhalansi kuphela kwi-10-15% ephezulu ye-SoC kuba i-voltage curve iphantsi kakhulu ngaphantsi kwe-3.45 V (NMC) okanye i-3.40 V (LFP).
Tesla waits until >I-90 % ye-SoC kwaye ibaleka kuphela ukulinganisa kwi-30-60 min yentlawulo yokugqibela.
Iilogi zam ze-BMW i3 zika-2017 zibonisa i-balancer inductive ivuka kuphela xa i-delta> 30 mV kunye nokupakisha okwangoku <5 A.

Ndinedrowa egcwele ngo-2016–2018 ephantsi-iipakethi ze-EV zesantya ezisuka kwilizwe lase China ezigcine i-$0.80 ngokucima izinto ezixhathisa ukopha. Emva kweenyanga ezili-18 iiseli ezibuthathaka zihamba kakubi yonke into ekhutshwayo, ubhedu luyanyibilika, i-dendrites iyakhula, isahluli siyanyibilika, umlilo. Ndibukele i-72 V 20 yeepakethe ze-Ah zehla ukuya kwi-8-9 Ah ezisebenzisekayo kwiinyanga ezili-14. Betha i-balancer esebenzayo ye-12 yeedola kubo kwaye babuyela kwi-18-19 Ah. Isifundo sifundwe kabuhlungu.

Ngaphantsi kwe-15 kWh → i-passive ilungile kwaye iya kuhlala ngonaphakade (i-scooters, izixhobo zombane, iidrones)

400 V+ or >50 kWh → esebenzayo okanye uya kutshintshana iimodyuli rhoqo ngonyaka

Yonke i-EV efanelekileyo ethengiswayo namhlanje inokulinganisa. Utshintsho kuphela kukuba yi-33 Ω isixhasi okanye ibhodi esebenzayo ye-$300.

Oko kukulinganisa iseli. Akukho nto yomlingo. Ukumisa nje iiseli ezilungileyo ekubeni zitsalwe phantsi ngumzalwana olivila owagqiba ukuguga ngokukhawuleza.

Cell Balancing