Yintoni iziphene zokuVelisa?

Iziphene zokwenziwa kwemveliso ziziphene ezenzeka ngexesha lemveliso, nto leyo ebangela ukuba imveliso ijike kwiinkcukacha ezicetyiweyo zoyilo. Ngokungafaniyo neziphene zoyilo ezichaphazela yonke imigca yemveliso, iziphene zokuvelisa zidla ngokuchaphazela iiyunithi zomntu okanye iibhetshi ezithile ngenxa yeempazamo kwinkqubo yokuvelisa, njengemathiriyeli engalunganga, ukungasebenzi kakuhle kwezixhobo, okanye ukudityaniswa okungafanelekanga.

Iindidi eziqhelekileyo zeziphene zokuVelisa

Iziphene zokwenziwa kwemveliso ziwela kwiindidi ezininzi ezahlukeneyo, nganye ineempembelelo ezizodwa ekusebenzeni kwemveliso kunye nokhuseleko.

Iziphene zezinto eziphathekayozivela xa imathiriyeli ekrwada isilela ukuhlangabezana neenkcukacha ezifunekayo. Iintsimbi ezingekho mgangathweni, iiplastiki ezingcolisekileyo, okanye iikhompawundi ezingasetyenzwa kakuhle zinokubeka esichengeni isidima solwakhiwo. Uphononongo luka-2016 lweLebhu yeSizwe ye-Oak Ridge yafumanisa ukuba ukungangqinelani kwemathiriyeli kwii-electrode zebhetri kubangele ukuthotywa komthamo okhawulezayo wama-23% xa kuthelekiswa neeyunithi ezenziwe ngokufanelekileyo.

Ukulungisa iziphenekwenzeka ngezigaba zemveliso ezifana nomatshini, ukuwelda, okanye ukubumba. Oku kuquka ukungachaneki kwemilinganiselo, ukungafezeki komphezulu, kunye neendibano ezingaphelelanga. Imisebenzi yokuphosa echanekileyo, umzekelo, idla ngokuzabalaza neempazamo zobukhulu xa ulawulo lobushushu luguquguquka ngaphaya kwe-2-3 degrees celcius ngezigaba ezibalulekileyo zokupholisa.

Iziphene zobusozibonakalisa njengokungafezeki okubonakalayo{0}}imikrwelo, izibonda, izitenxo zokwaleka, okanye ungcoliseko lwamasuntswana. Ngelixa ezinye iziphene ezingaphezulu zizithambiso kuphela, ezinye zibonisa imiba enzulu yesakhiwo. Kwimveliso yeemoto, iziphene zokugquma zingabonakalisa iindawo zetsimbi kwi-corrosion, ukunciphisa ixesha lokuphila kwecandelo ngama-40-60%.

Iziphene zeNdibanoIsiphumo sokungachaneki kokubekwa kwelungu, iindawo ezingekhoyo, okanye ukuqina okungafanelekanga. Ukukhumbula i-airbag ye-Takata ka-2013, echaphazela ngaphezulu kwe-100 yezigidi zezithuthi kwihlabathi jikelele, isuka kwiimpazamo zenkqubo yendibano evumele ukungena kokufuma, ebonisa indlela iziphene zendibano ezinokungena ngayo kwiintsilelo zokhuseleko oluyintlekele.

Umahluko phakathi kwemveliso kunye neziphene zoyilo ziyimiba yeenjongo zetyala. Imveliso enesiphene kwimveliso ayizange iphume njengoko bekucetyiwe, ngelixa isiphene soyilo sithetha ukuba imveliso yenziwe ngokuchanekileyo kodwa uyilo ngokwalo luneziphene. Iziphene zokwenziwa kwemveliso zidla ngokuchaphazela ipesenti elinganiselweyo yeeyunithi, ngelixa iziphene zoyilo zichaphazela yonke into eyenziweyo.

Ukwenziwa Kweziphene kwiLithium{0}}Iibhetri zeIon

Iibhetri zeLithium - ngumzekelo wendlela iziphene zokuvelisa ezinokuthi ziguqule itekhnoloji yemihla ngemihla ibe ziingozi zokhuseleko.Yintoni ibhetri ye-lithiumiteknoloji? Ibhetri ye-lithium -ye-ion isebenzisa ukudibana okubuyela umva kwee-ion ze-lithium phakathi kwe-anode kunye nemathiriyeli ye-cathode ukugcina amandla ombane, izenza zibaluleke kakhulu kwii-smartphones, ii-laptops, kunye nezithuthi zombane ngenxa yobuninzi bamandla kunye nokutshajwa kwakhona.

Nangona kunjalo, inkqubo yokwenziwa kwezigaba ezininzi{0}}enzima idala amathuba amaninzi aneziphene. Uphononongo lukaNovemba 2024 kwiScienceDirectichonge into yentsimbi yangaphandle-ingakumbi amasuntswana obhedu{1}}njengoyena nobangela uphambili wokusilela kwebhetri yelithium. Ezi zingcoliseko ezincinci zinyibilika kwi-electrolyte kwaye ziphinde zibuyisele kumacandelo abalulekileyo, zenze iisekethe ezimfutshane zangaphakathi ezinokubangela ukubaleka kwe-thermal.

Iziphene eziqhelekileyo zokwenziwa kwebhetri ye-lithium ziquka:

Izitenxo zokwaleka kwe-Electrodebonisa olona hlobo lwesiphene rhoqo. Ukusetyenziswa okungafaniyo kweengubo ze-lithium kwi-copper okanye i-aluminium foil kudala iindawo ezishushu ngexesha lokusebenza. Uphando oluvela kwiLebhu yeSizwe yase-Oak Ridge lubonise ukuba iagglomerates ye-electrode icuthe ukusebenza komjikelo nge-18% kunye nokuncipha komthamo okhawulezileyo xa kuxinana kakhulu ngoku. -Iingubo zokwaleka ezingafane zibonise i-35% yobomi bomjikelo obuhlwempuzekileyo xa kuthelekiswa nee-electrode ezenziwe kakuhle.

Ungcoliseko lwamasuntswana esinyithiibeka umngcipheko omkhulu wokhuseleko. Ubhedu, isinyithi, i-chromium, kunye neengqungquthela ze-aluminium ezifakwe ngexesha lokuvelisa zingabangela iifutshane zangaphakathi. Kwanamasuntswana alinganisa i-10-50 micrometers anokuqalisa inkqubo "yokuchithwa + kokubekwa" ebeka esichengeni ukuthembeka kwebhetri kwiinyanga zokusetyenziswa. Izifundo zokufumanisa kusetyenziswa i-computed tomography zifumene ungcoliseko kwi-3-7% yeebhetshi zebhetri ezaliweyo.

Iziphene zokwahlulaziyingozi kakhulu. Umahluli{1}}inwebu erhabaxa ethintela ukudibana ngokuthe ngqo phakathi kwee-electrode{2}}inokuphuhlisa imingxunya, iinyembezi, okanye ucinezele umonakalo ngexesha lokudityaniswa. Imililo ye-Samsung Galaxy Note 7 ibangele indawo engonelanga phakathi kwemiphetho ye-electrode kunye ne-cell casing kwiindawo ezikoneni, okubangela ukuphambuka kwe-electrode eyolulekileyo kwaye icuthe isahlukanisi, ekugqibeleni ivumele iisekethe ezimfutshane.

Iimpazamo zeWelding kunye nendibanozibandakanya i-burrs kwiithebhu ze-electrode ezinokungena kwi-tape ye-insulation, i-electrode stacks engafanelekanga, kunye noxinzelelo olungafanelekanga ngexesha lokuhamba kweeseli. Uhlalutyo lwe-CT scan yeebhetri ezingaphumeleliyo lubonise ukuba ii-welding burrs zangena kwi-separators malunga ne-12% yeeyunithi ezineziphene, ezidibanisa ngokuthe ngqo ii-tabs ezilungileyo kubaqokeleli bangoku abangalunganga.

Iziphumo zidlulela ngaphaya kwezixhobo zomntu ngamnye. Ukukhumbula iimoto zehlabathi ezidityaniswe neziphene zebhetri ye-lithium zichaphazele izigidi zezithuthi zombane, kunye ne-Samsung's Note 7 yokukhumbula kuphela ixabisa i-5.3 yeebhiliyoni zeedola. AmaZiko oPhando e-UL anika ingxelo yokuba uyilo olungafanelekanga kunye nezenzo zokwenza kwi-lithium{4}}iiseli ze-ion zingahlala zifihlakele de zisetyenziswe ngexesha lokusetyenziswa kwemveliso, ezinokubangela umlilo, umsi, kunye neziganeko ezibalekayo zobushushu.

Abavelisi ngoku basebenzisa iindlela ezininzi zokubona iziphene. Uvavanyo lolwakhiwo -intlawulo yokuqala{2}}umjikelo wokukhupha emva kokutywinwa kweseli{3}}chonga malunga ne-2-4% yeeseli ezineziphene. Iinkqubo zokuhlela ezilandelayo zijonga amandla ombane wesekethe evulekileyo kwixesha elisusela kwiiveki ezimbini ukuya kwiinyanga ezintandathu, ukubamba iiseli ezineempawu zokuzikhupha ezibonisa iziphene zangaphakathi.

Iingcambu ezibangela iziphene zokuVelisa

Ukuqonda ukuba kutheni iziphene zenzeka kufuna ukuvavanya yonke imveliso yendalo.

Ukuthotywa kwezixhoboume njengetyala eliphambili. Oomatshini bokwenza amava okuqhubeka nokunxiba, ukuphulukana nokuchaneka ekuhambeni kwexesha. Ingxelo yomgangatho wokwenziwa kwemveliso ka-2024 yaqaphela ukuba ukugcinwa kokuthintela okungonelanga kukhokelela ekulahlekeni okuchanekileyo kunye nokunyuka kwexesha lokuphumla, elihambelana ngokuthe ngqo namazinga aphezulu esiphako. Xa ii-mill ze-CNC ziphulukana nolungelelwaniso nje ngamawaka e-intshi, yonke imveliso ibaleka inokuwela ngaphandle kwenkcazelo yokunyamezela.

Imiba yabantuihlala ibalulekile nangona kukho inkqubela phambili ye-automation. Abahloli bezandla basebenza phantsi koxinzelelo olukhulu, behlola amawaka eeyunithi yonke imihla. Iliso lomntu, ngelixa liphucukile, linengxaki yokudinwa kunye nengqiqo. Ngokohlahlelo luka-2024, abavelisi basathembele kakhulu ekuhlolweni kwabantu ngaphandle kokuphuculwa kombono womatshini, okukhokelela ekubeni iziphene zibaleke ukubhaqwa kwiindawo zokukhangela umgangatho obalulekileyo.

Ukwahluka kwenkquboyazisa ukungangqinelani nakwimeko{0}elawulwa kakuhle. Ukuguquguquka kobushushu ngexesha lokunyanga, amaxesha angangqinelaniyo okuxutywa kodaka oluludaka, okanye izantya zokuhambisa eziguquguqukayo zonke zinegalelo kwiziphene. Kwimveliso ye-electrode ye-lithium yebhetri, ukuguquguquka kumazinga okutya okudaka okanye ixesha elaneleyo lokuxuba ukuphumeza imixube elinganayo ibangela ngokuthe ngqo ukubunjwa kwe-agglomerate.

Imiba yomgangatho wekhonkco lonikezeloukwandisa imingcipheko yeziphene ngaphaya kweendonga zasefektri. Ukungcola kwempahla ekrwada, amacandelo angekho mgangathweni asuka kwi-2 okanye i-tier-3 ababoneleli, kunye nokungcoliseka ngexesha lothutho zonke zizisa imithombo yeziphene. Itekhnoloji yeBlockchain isanda kusasazwa ukulandelela imathiriyeli kuwo wonke amakhonkco obonelelo lwehlabathi, kodwa izikhewu zisekhona, ngakumbi kubaboneleli abangayigciniyo imigangatho engqongqo yobulunga.

Imiba yokusingqongileyodlala indima ecingelwayo. Amasuntswana othuli kwiindawo zokuvelisa, ukuhluka kokufuma, kunye nokutshintsha kobushushu obukhoyo kunokwazisa ungcoliseko okanye kuchaphazele izinto eziphathekayo. Ukwenziwa kwebhetri yeLithium kufuna ucoceko olulawulwayo lwemekobume zegumbi ngokukodwa ukunciphisa ukungcoliseka kwamasuntswana{2}}namasuntswana omoya angaphantsi kwe-10 yeemicrometer anokuthomalalisa imfezeko yeseli.

Indlela yokusebenza yeSix Sigma, eyaphuhliswa yiMotorola ngeminyaka yoo-1980, yamisela ukuba iinkqubo zomgangatho ophezulu ngokwenene zifikelela kwi-3.4 yeziphene kwisigidi samathuba (i-accounting ye-1.5 sigma process drift). Nangona kunjalo, ukuphumeza lo mgangatho kufuna ukujongana nazo zonke ezi zizathu zisisiseko ngokucwangcisiweyo kunokunyanga iimpawu.

Impembelelo yezeMali noKhuseleko

Iziphene zokwenziwa kwemveliso zineziphumo ezithi zidlulele ngaphaya kwelahleko yemveliso ekhawulezileyo.

Iindleko zemali ngqoihlanganiswe ngokukhawuleza. Izinto ezilahliweyo, ukuphinda kusetyenzwe kwakhona, kunye nexesha lokunciphisa imveliso kudala ilahleko ebonakalayo. Xa iziphene zifikelela kubathengi, amabango ewaranti, ukutshintshwa kwemveliso, kunye nokukhumbula ukuhanjiswa kweendleko kuphinda-phinda iindleko. Isakhelo seXabiso loMgangatho oMbi (COPQ) silinganisa ezi mpembelelo{3}}iinkampani ezineziphene eziphezulu zihlala zifumanisa ukuba umgangatho{4}}indleko ezinxulumeneyo zisebenzisa i-15-20% yengeniso.

Khumbula uqoqoshoibonisa umngcipheko omkhulu wemali. Ngo-2022, ngaphezulu kwe-1.5 yeebhiliyoni zeeyunithi zemveliso kukutya, amayeza, izixhobo zonyango, iimoto, kunye nempahla yabathengi. Amava oshishino lweemoto kunye neengxowa zomoya zeTakata ezineziphene zinyanzelise umenzi ukuba angabinamali xa izibophelelo zembuyekezo zigqithile kwi-9 yeebhiliyoni zeedola. Iyunithi nganye ebanjiweyo ineendleko zokuchongwa, ukwazisa, ukutshintshwa, kunye nolungiselelo.

Ukuvezwa koxanduvakudala ukungaqiniseki kwezemali okuqhubekayo. Ngaphantsi kwemfundiso engqongqo yoxanduva, abavelisi bajongana noxanduva lokulimala okubangelwa yimveliso eneziphene ngaphandle kokungakhathali. Ukuhlaliswa ngokusemthethweni kunye nezigwebo zokwenzakala komntu zinokufikelela kwizigidi ngetyala ngalinye, ngakumbi xa iziphene zibangela ingozi enkulu. Izimangalo zezenzo zodidi ziyandisa le mingcipheko ngokubonakalayo.

Umonakalo wodumoibangela{0}}ukhukuliseko lwendawo yemarike yexesha elide. Ukuthembana kwabathengi, xa kwaphukile, kubonakala kunzima ukuphinda kwakhiwe. Uphononongo lokuqonda i-Brand lubonisa ukuba ukungaphumeleli komgangatho kunokunciphisa injongo yokuthenga nge-30-50% phakathi kwamacandelo abathengi abachaphazelekayo, kunye namaxesha okubuyisela ukwandisa iminyaka eyi-3-5 nasemva kokuba amanyathelo okulungisa aphunyeziwe.

Iimpembelelo zokhuselekoibaluleke kakhulu kwiimveliso zabathengi kunye nezixhobo zoshishino. Izixhobo zonyango ezinengxaki, izixhobo zenqwelomoya, okanye iinkqubo zebhetri zinokubangela ukwenzakala okanye ukufa. Iziphene zebhetri zenza imingcipheko yomlilo kunye nogqabhuko-dubulo{2}}ngelixa izinga lokutsha lihlala lisezantsi malunga nesithathu kwisigidi seeyunithi, iziphumo zeziganeko zokubaleka kwe-thermal zinzima ngokwaneleyo ukuqhuba utyalo-mali olungqongqo lolawulo.

Imeko yezoqoqosho yokuthintela isiphene iyacaca xa kuthelekiswa neendleko. Ukubona kunye nokulungisa iziphene kumthombo weendleko malunga ne-10% yokuhlangabezana nazo kwimveliso-. Ukulungisa iziphene phambi kokuba ukuhanjiswa kwabathengi kuxabisa malunga namaxesha e-10 ukulungiswa komthombo. Ukujongana neziphene emva kweendleko zokuhanjiswa kwabathengi amaxesha angama-100 exabiso lokuqala lolungiso. Le curve yexabiso elibonakalayo iqhuba isicwangciso solawulo lomgangatho.

IiTekhnoloji zokuFumana

Imveliso yale mihla isebenzisa ubugcisa obuntsonkothileyo ukuchonga iziphene ngaphambi kokuba zifike kubathengi.

I-Computed Tomography (CT) ukuskenayenza{0}}imbonakalo ye-3D engonakalisiyo yezakhiwo zangaphakathi. Iinkqubo ze-CT ziyakwazi ukubona ukungcola kwetsimbi, ukungahambelani kwe-dimensional, kunye neempazamo zendibano kwiibhetri ze-lithium ngaphandle kokuqhaqha iiseli. Amandla okusombulula ngoku afikelela kwi-10-20 micrometers, eyaneleyo ukuchonga uninzi lwezinto ezingaqhelekanga. Nangona kunjalo, ukuskena kwe-CT kuhlala kubiza kakhulu kuhlolo lwe-100%, ngokuqhelekileyo kusetyenziswa kwisampulu engaqhelekanga okanye uhlalutyo lokusilela.

I-infrared thermographyUbhaqa iziphene ngokuchonga iziphazamiso zobushushu. Kukwenziwa kweebhetri, iikhamera ze-IR zinokubona iiagglomerates ze-electrode kunye{1}}neengubo ezingafaniyo ngokutyikitya ubushushu obucacileyo ngexesha lovavanyo lokubunjwa. Le ndlela -engaqhagamshelwanga ivumela uhlolo{4}}lokwenyani kwizantya zemveliso, nangona ukuchaneka kuxhomekeke kakhulu kulawulo lokusingqongileyo kunye nolungelelwaniso lwekhamera.

Iinkqubo zombono womatshiniusebenzisa-izisombululo eziphezulu iikhamera kunye ne-AI algorithms inokuhlola iimveliso ngexabiso elingaphezulu kwe-1,000 leeyunithi ngomzuzu. Imifuziselo yokufunda nzulu eqeqeshelwe kwimifanekiso eneziphene ifumana ukuchaneka okungama-98.5% ekuchongeni iziphene ezikumphezulu, ukutenxa komgangatho, kunye neempazamo zendibano. Nangona kunjalo, iziphene ezifihlakeleyo kunye nezo zifuna isigwebo somxholo zisacela umngeni kwiinkqubo ezizenzekelayo.

Ulawulo lweNkqubo yoBalo (SPC)ijonga imveliso iparamitha ngexesha lokwenyani, ibona iinxaxhi phambi kokuba zivelise iziphene. Ngokumisela imida yolawulo kunye nokulandelela izinto eziguquguqukayo ezifana nobushushu, uxinzelelo, kunye namazinga okuhamba kwezinto, i-SPC yenza ungenelelo olusebenzayo. Xa iinkqubo zikhukuliseka zisiya kwimida yolawulo, uhlengahlengiso lunokwenziwa phambi kokuba kuveliswe iiyunithi ezineziphene.

Uvavanyo lombaneiibhetri kunye namacandelo e-elektroniki ichonga iziphene ezisebenzayo. Uvavanyo lolwakhiwo kwimveliso yebhetri ye-lithium lusebenza ngeenjongo ezimbini -ukwenza ibhetri isebenze ngentlawulo yokuqala{2}}imijikelo yokukhupha ngelixa ngaxeshanye ibona iiseli ezineempawu zombane ezingaqhelekanga, ukuzikhupha ngokugqithisileyo{3}}, okanye ukunxaxha komthamo.

Uhlalutyo lwengcambu (RCA)izixhobo ezixhasa ubugcisa bokubona ngokuchonga ukuba kutheni iziphene zenzeka. Ubuchule obubandakanya i-5 Whys, imizobo ye-fishbone, kunye nohlalutyo lwe-Pareto lunceda ukulandelela iziphene kwimvelaphi yazo. I-RCA iguqula idatha yokufumanisa ibe yinkqubo yokuphucula inkqubo, ukuvala i-loop phakathi kokufumana iziphene kunye nokuthintela ukuphindaphinda.

Umceli mngeni wokudibanisa ubandakanya ukudibanisa iindlela ezininzi zokufumanisa kwiinkqubo ezisemgangathweni ezihambelanayo. Abavelisi abaphambili basebenzisa iindlela zokuhlola ezinomaleko -zangaphakathi zoluvo lokubeka iliso rhoqo, umbono ozenzekelayo weendawo zokukhangela ezibalulekileyo, kunye nobuchule obuphambili obufana neCT yokurhanelwa okungaqhelekanga okanye ukuqinisekiswa okungacwangciswanga.

IziCwangciso zoThintelo

Ukuthintela iziphene kufuna iindlela ezicwangcisiweyo ezilungisa oonobangela endaweni yokubamba iimpazamo nje.

Ukuphumeza iiNkqubo zoLawulo loMgangatho owomeleleyoibonelela ngesiseko. Isiqinisekiso se-ISO 9001 siseka iinkqubo ezisemgangathweni, iimfuno zamaxwebhu, kunye nesikhokelo sokuphucula okuqhubekayo. Iinkampani ezine-QMS ezivuthiweyo zibika i-40-60% imilinganiselo ephantsi yesiphene xa kuthelekiswa nezo zineendlela zomgangatho we-ad hoc. Uphicotho oluthe gqolo kunye nohlaziyo lwenkqubo lugcina iinkqubo ezisemgangathweni zihambelana neenyani zemveliso zangoku.

Ugcino oluqikelelweyoinqanda izixhobo{0}eziyelelene neziphene. Abenzi boluvo be-IoT bajonga ukusebenza komatshini ngokuqhubekayo, ukubona ukushukuma okungahambi kakuhle, ukuguquguquka kobushushu, kunye neepatheni zokunxiba ezandulela ukusilela. Ukucwangciswa kokugcinwa okusekelwe kwimeko yokwenyani yesixhobo kunezithuba ezisisigxina kunciphisa ixesha lokuphumla elingacwangciswanga nge-30-50% ngelixa kugcinwa ukuchaneka kokuvelisa.

Uqeqesho kunye nokuzibandakanya kwabasebenziijongana nemiba yabantu ngokucwangcisiweyo. Iinkqubo zoqeqesho eziqhubekayo kwiinkqubo ezifanelekileyo, imigangatho yomgangatho, kunye nokuqatshelwa kwesiphene kunciphisa iimpazamo zabaqhubi. Iisistim zokwenyani ezongeziweyo ngoku zibonelela{2}}isikhokelo sexesha lokwenyani ngexesha lemisebenzi yendibano entsonkothileyo, ukoleka imiyalelo yedijithali kwiindawo zokusebenza ezibonakalayo. Iinkampani ezityala imali kwingxelo yoqeqesho olubanzi 25-35% yokuphuculwa kwesivuno sokuphumelela kokuqala.

Inkqubo yokubekwa emgangathweni kunye nolawulokunciphisa ukwahluka. Imigaqo yokuvelisa i-Lean isusa amanyathelo enkqubo engeyomfuneko ngelixa iqinisa ukunyamezela kwiiparameters ezibalulekileyo. Kwi-lithium yebhetri ye-electrode yokugquma, ulawulo oluchanekileyo lwe-slurry viscosity, isantya sokugquma, kunye neeprofayili zokushisa ezomileyo kunciphisa izinga lesiphako ukusuka kwi-5-7% ukuya ngaphantsi kwe-2%. Ulawulo lwenkqubo yobalo lubonelela ngesakhelo somlinganiselo wokugcina olu lawulo lungqongqo.

Ulawulo lobulunga bomthengisiyandisa uthintelo ukuya phezulu. Ukuqhuba uphicotho rhoqo lwababoneleli, ukuphumeza iprothokholi yokuhlola imathiriyeli engenayo, kunye nokuseka izivumelwano zomgangatho ukuqinisekisa ukungaguquguquki umgangatho wempahla ekrwada. Abanye abavelisi badibanisa ababoneleli kumanyathelo okuphucula ngokubambisana, ukwabelana ngedatha kunye nokusebenzisana ekunciphiseni iziphene. Ukutshintshela kubanikezi abathembeke ngakumbi, xa kuyimfuneko, kaninzi kubonisa ixabiso elingaphezulu{3}}elisebenzayo kunokulawula isiphene{4}}izinto ezixhaphakileyo.

Uyilo lokuVeliswa (DFM)kuthintela iziphene phambi kokuba imveliso iqale. Imigaqo ye-DFM ikhulisa uyilo lwemveliso ukuze kube lula ukwenza, ukunciphisa amathuba eempazamo zendibano kunye nemiba yokuphatha izinto. Kuyilo lwebhetri, ukubonelela ngesithuba esaneleyo phakathi kwee-electrode edges kunye ne-cell casings kuthintela uhlobo lwesiphene esibangele umlilo weGalaxy Note 7.

Itekhnoloji yamawele edijithaliyenza uvavanyo lwenyani kunye nokwenza ngcono. Ukudala i-replicas ebonakalayo yeenkqubo zokuvelisa kuvumela iinjineli ukuba zilinganise iimeko zesiphene kunye nokuphuculwa kwenkqubo yokuvavanya ngaphandle kokuphazamisa imveliso. Abavelisi bebhetri basebenzisa amawele edijithali ukunyusa iipateni zokugquma i-electrode, ukuqikelela ukwakheka kwesiphene, kunye nokuqinisekisa iinkqubo zendibano entsha ngaphambi kokuphunyezwa komzimba.

Amaqhinga asebenzayo okukhusela adibanisa ezi ndlela kwiinkqubo ezidibeneyo. Uphononongo lomgangatho wokuvelisa ngo-2025 lufumanise ukuba iinkampani eziphumeza ubuncinci iindlela zothintelo ezintlanu ngaxeshanye zanciphisa izinga lesiphako ngama-60 -75% kwisithuba seminyaka emithathu, ngelixa ezo zijolise kwindlela enye zifezekiseke kuphela i-20-30% yokuphucula.

Imibuzo ebuzwa qho

Zixhaphake kangakanani iziphene kwimveliso kwimveliso yanamhlanje?

Amazinga anesiphene ahluka kakhulu ngoshishino kunye nobunzima bemveliso. Iinkqubo ezintandathu ze-Sigma zijolise kwi-3.4 iziphene kwisigidi ngasinye samathuba, nangona abavelisi abaninzi besebenza kwi-3 - 4 amanqanaba e-sigma (6,200-45,500 iziphene ngesigidi). Ii-electronics zabathengi ngokuqhelekileyo zifikelela kwi-0.2-0.5% yemilinganiselo yesiphene, ngelixa amashishini abalulekileyo okhuseleko afana ne-aerospace ijolise kumazinga angaphantsi kwe-0.01%. Ngo-2022, ngaphezulu kwe-1.5 yeebhiliyoni zeeyunithi zeemveliso ziye zakhunjulwa kwihlabathi jikelele, zibonisa iziphene eziqhubekayo ezichaphazela umthamo omkhulu wemveliso ngaphandle kokuhambela phambili komgangatho.

Yintoni umahluko phakathi kweziphene zokwenziwa kunye neziphene kuyilo?

Iziphene zokwenziwa kwemveliso zenzeka xa imveliso ingahambelani noyilo lwayo ngenxa yeempazamo zemveliso, okuchaphazela kuphela iiyunithi ezithile kwibhetshi. Iziphene zoyilo zithetha ukuba imveliso yakhiwe ngokuchanekileyo kodwa uyilo ngokwalo luneziphene, luchaphazela yonke iyunithi eyenziweyo. Kumatyala asemthethweni, abavelisi banokubanjwa ngokungqongqo ukwenza iziphene ngaphandle kokungqina ukungakhathali, ngelixa iimeko zoyilo lwesiphene zifuna ukubonisa ukuba uyilo olulolunye olukhuselekileyo lwalunokwenzeka.

Ngaba iziphene zokuvelisa zinokubonwa phambi kokuba iimveliso zifikelele kubathengi?

Uninzi kodwa ayizizo zonke iziphene ezinokubanjwa ngolawulo lomgangatho. Iindlela zokubona eziphambili ezifana ne-CT scan, umbono womatshini, kunye novavanyo lombane ukuchonga i-90-95% yeziphene ezibalulekileyo. Nangona kunjalo, ezinye iziphene zihlala zifihlakele okanye zibonakala kuphela phantsi kweemeko ezithile zokusetyenziswa. Kwiibhetri ze-lithium, uvavanyo lokuqulunqa kunye neenkqubo zokuguga zibamba malunga ne-96-98% yeeseli ezineziphene, kodwa iziphene ezifihlakeleyo zingavela kuphela emva kweenyanga zokusebenza. Kungenxa yoko le nto ukuphuculwa okuqhubekayo kobuchwephesha bokubona kuhlala kubalulekile.

Kufuneka benze ntoni abathengi xa befumanisa isiphene kwimveliso?

Bhala isiphene ngeefoto kwaye ugcine imveliso ikwimeko enesiphene. Qhagamshelana nomenzi okanye umthengisi ngoko nangoko ukuze uchaze umba kwaye ubuze malunga nokutshintsha okanye iindlela zokubuyisela imali. Iimveliso ezibeka umngcipheko wokhuseleko{2}}ingakumbi iibhetri, izinto zombane, okanye izinto zesakhiwo{3}}yeka ukusetyenziswa ngoko nangoko. Ukuba isiphene sibangele ukulimala okanye umonakalo wepropathi, qhagamshelana neengcali zomthetho malunga namabango etyala lemveliso. Xela iziphene ezinzulu kwii-arhente ezifanelekileyo zokukhusela abathengi ukuxhasa ukukhumbula okunokwenzeka kunye nokukhusela abanye abathengi.

Iziphene zokwenziwa kwemveliso zihlala zingumceli mngeni ongenakuthintelwa kwiindawo zemveliso, kodwa ukuphindaphindwa kwazo kunye neempembelelo zinokuncitshiswa kakhulu ngolawulo lomgangatho olucwangcisiweyo. Inguquko esuka kuhlolo olusebenzayo ukuya kuthintelo oluqikelelweyo imele uhambo oluqhubekayo lwemveliso ukuya kumgangatho ophezulu kunye nokhuseleko olukhulu.

Kubavelisi bebhetri ngokukodwa, izithinteli ziqhubeleka ngokunyuka njengoko itekhnoloji ye-lithium -yokukhula isiya kwizicelo ezininzi. Uphuculo ngalunye olongezelekayo ekubhaqweni kwesiphene kunye nothintelo luguqulela ngokuthe ngqo kwiimveliso ezikhuselekileyo kwaye zithintelwe ukukhumbula{2}}ukwenza ulawulo lomgangatho hayi nje inkxalabo yemveliso kodwa ngumba obalulekileyo weshishini.

Izinto eziphambili zokuThatha

Iziphene zokwenziwa kwemveliso ziziphoso zemveliso ezibangela ukuba iimveliso zitenxe kwiinkcukacha ezicetyiweyo, ezichaphazela iiyunithi ezizimeleyo kunemigca yemveliso epheleleyo.

Iibhetri zeLithium -zijongene nemingcipheko yesiphene eyodwa kuquka ukungcoliseka kwentsimbi, izitenxo zokwaleka kwe-electrode, kunye nomonakalo wokwahlula okunokubangela ukubaleka kobushushu.

Ingcambu ibangela ukuthotywa kwezixhobo zespan, imiba yabantu, ukwahluka kwenkqubo, imiba yekhonkco lokubonelela, kunye nezinto zokusingqongileyo

Ubuchwephesha bokubona obukwinqanaba eliphezulu kuquka ukuskena kwe-CT, i-AI-iisistim zombono ezinamandla, kunye ne-infrared thermography ngokuchonga iziphene ngokuchaneka okungama-98.5%.

Izicwangciso zokukhusela ezidibanisa iiNkqubo zoLawulo loMgangatho, ukugcinwa kwangaphambili, kunye noYilo lokuSebenza kunciphisa izinga lesiphako nge-60-75%

Imithombo yedatha

Iziphene kwiibhetri ze-lithium-: Ukusuka kwimvelaphi ukuya kwimingcipheko yokhuseleko - ScienceDirect (Novemba 2024)

Isiphumo seziphene zokwenziwa kwe-electrode ekusebenzeni kwe-electrochemical ye-lithium -ibhetri ye-ion - iLabhoratri yeSizwe ye-Oak Ridge (ngoFebruwari 2016)

Uhlahlelo lokuVelisa{0}}Iziphene eziNcedayo kunye noLwakhiwo lweLithium{1}}Iibhetri zeIon zisebenzisa iComputed Tomography - MDPI Amandla (April 2018)

Ukutyhila iingozi ezifihliweyo: Indlela iziphene zokwenziwa kwemveliso ezisongela ngayo i-lithium -ukhuseleko lwebhetri yeion - EurekAlert! (2024)

Uninzi lweentlobo zeSiphene soMveliso: Inkcazo kunye nezisombululo - iAverroes AI (Okthobha 2024)

Imiba yoMgangatho woMveliso we-10 ePhezulu exelwe kuMgangatho we-PRP ({1}} ngoDisemba 2024)

ILithium-Ukwenziwa kwebhetri ye-Ion kunye nokuNcitshiswa koMngcipheko - AmaZiko oPhando e-UL (ngoMatshi 2025)