Yintoni Indlela yokuTjaja iiTjaja?
Indlela yokuTjaja iiTshaja
Eli candelo libonisa umthetho-siseko wokutshaja kweetshaja ngokubonisa ngokwahlukeneyo imizekelo yezakheko ze-topological zesekethe zetshaja ezilungelelanisiweyo kunye neziphindwe kabini.
I-Unidirectional Charging Topology
Itshaja iqonda uguqulo phakathi kwe-AC kunye ne-DC ngokusebenzisa izixhobo zombane zombane. Ngokungathintelekiyo, izixhobo zombane zombane zazisa amandla asebenzayo, kwaye amandla asebenze ngokugqithisileyo angakhokelela ekuguquguqukeni kombane wegridi yamandla, ukucuthwa komgangatho wobonelelo lwamandla, kunye nokwanda kwelahleko yeentambo. Umlinganiselo wamandla asebenzayo kumandla abonakalayo kwisekethe uchazwa njengomba wamandla. Ukucinezela amandla asebenzayo agqithisiweyo anikezelweyo ngumsebenzisi wokugqibela-kwigridi yamandla, izithintelo ezingqongqo kwinkalo yamandla zibekwe kusetyenziso lombane kwindawo yokuhlala nakwimizi-mveliso, ngokwesiqhelo ungabi ngaphantsi kwe-0.8~0.9. Enye yeendlela ezamkelweyo yiteknoloji yePFC (Power Factor Correction), enokuphelisa ukungcoliseka kwe-harmonic kwizixhobo zombane zamandla kunye nokuphucula igalelo lamandla.
Inqanaba elinye-elizeleyo-ibhulorho ye-PFC yobuchwephesha inika uncedo olufana nolwakhiwo olulula, ukusebenza kakuhle okuphezulu, kunye -isiguquli samaxesha amaninzi esinochulumanco oluphindiweyo-, luyenza ilungele{4}}usetyenziso lwamandla aphezulu. Inqanaba elinye-eligcwele{7}}ibhulorho yePFC yokuguqula ngokusekwe kwisakhiwo esipheleleyo-sebhulorho siboniswe kuMfanekiso 11-21. Isebenza kwiindawo ezimbini:ukuhanjiswa kwengalo ephezulu nasezantsikwayeukuqhutywa kwengalo echaseneyo. Ngethuba lokuqhuba ingalo ephezulu nangaphantsi, ikhoyo ngoku kwi-inductor yegalelo iphakama. Ngexesha lokuqhuba kwengalo echaseneyo, i-current in inductor input iwa. Inkqubo yokulawula ilungelelanisa umlinganiselo (umjikelezo womsebenzi) wexesha eliphezulu kunye nelisezantsi lokuqhuba ingalo ngaphakathi komjikelo wokutshaja kunye nokukhutshwa kwe-inductor yegalelo ukulungelelanisa ubukhulu bangoku kwi-inductor yegalelo, okwenza igalelo langoku libe yi-sine wave kwisigaba kunye ne-voltage input. Oku ekugqibeleni kuphelisa-iodolo ephezulu yangoku kwaye ifezekisa ulungiso lwamandla.
Ukuhlalutya inkqubo yokuhamba kwamandla, kunokubonwa ukuba ngexesha lokuqhuba kwengalo ephezulu nasezantsi, i-voltage ngaphesheya -i-frequency transformer yi-0, kunye ne-output filter capacitor inika amandla kumthwalo; ngexesha lokuqhutywa kwengalo echaseneyo, -isiguquli samaxesha amaninzi sigqithisa amandla agcinwe kwi-inductor yegalelo kwaye sinikezele ngayo.
Amandla avela kwintambo yokufaka idluliselwa kwicala lesibini le-transformer. Emva kolungiso oluphezulu-nolwenzo kunye nokuhluzwa, inika amandla kumthwalo. Ngokulawula umjikelo womsebenzi wenkqubo, i-voltage ephumayo inokutshintshwa, igcine i-voltage ephumayo kwixabiso elilinganisiweyo. Ngaphakathi komjikelo omnye wokusebenza, i-inductor yegalelo igqibezela imijikelo emibini yokuhlawulisa kunye nokukhupha, kwaye i-high-i-frequency transformer ivuyiswa kabini, kunye nezalathiso ezimbini zokuvuselela zichasene. Oku kusebenzisa undoqo wemagnethi ngendlela yokutyhala{6}}, iphucula umlinganiselo wokusetyenziswa kwemagnethi yesiguquli.
I-Bidirectional Charging Topology
Umzobo we-11-22 ubonisa ubume be-topological besekethe engundoqo yokutshaja kunye nokukhupha itshaja ye-bidirectional, equka -isiqingatha sesigaba esithathu{3}}ibhulorho yombane womthombo we-PWM wokulungisa kunye ne-bidirectional DC/DC converter.
Izigaba ezintathu-izigaba zemithombo yombane ye-AC ziqhele ukusetyenziswa kwimizi-mveliso ephezulu{1}}yevoltage kunye nophezulu{2}}usetyenziso lwamandla. I-Bidirectional ithetha ukuba ukuhamba kwamandla kunokusuka kwicala legridi ukuya kwibhetri yesithuthi, okanye ukusuka kwicala lebhetri ukuya kwicala legridi. Isiqingatha sesiqingatha sesigaba sesithathu-sombane webhulorho{7}}umthombo we-PWM wokulungisa emfanekisweni luhlobo lwesilungisi se-PWM esiphindwe kabini, esineenzuzo ezifana nokuzuza ukuhamba kwamandla okumacala omabini, ukuphendula okuguquguqukayo okukhawulezayo, kunye nokusebenza kakuhle okuzinzileyo{8}}kumbuso. Xa ikwiukulungisa imeko, amandla aphuma kwicala legridi, okwangoku i-sinusoidal, kwaye isigaba sayo siyafana negridi yegridi; xa isebenza kwiimo yoguqulo olusebenzayo, amandla agcinwe kwibhetri yemoto yombane abuyiselwa kwigridi yamandla, kwaye igridi -icala langoku kunye neform waveform yangoku zombini zi-sinusoidal, kunye nokwahlukana kwesigaba se-180 degree.
I-bidirectional DC/DC converter ineengenelo ezifana nokuphendula okuguquguqukayo okukhawulezayo, ukuguqulwa kwamandla aphezulu, kunye nezixhobo ezimbalwa zamandla. Njengoko kubonisiwe kuMfanekiso 11-22, xa itshaja itshaja ibhetri yemoto yombane, tshintsha.S1iyaqhuba, ngelixa itshintshaS2ihlala ivaliwe. Ngoko ke, isilungisi se-PWM esine-bidirectional sisebenza kwisimo solungiso, kwaye i-bidirectional DC/DC converter ikwinqanaba -ezantsi le-buck state, kwaye amandla ahamba ukusuka kwicala legridi ukuya kwicala lebhetri; xa ibhetri ikhupha, tshintshaS2icimile, tshintshaS1iyaqhuba, i-bidirectional DC/DC converter ikwinqanaba eliphezulu{0}}lonyuso lwemo, kwaye isilungisi se-PWM esiphindwe kabini sisebenza kwimeko yoguqulo esebenzayo, kwaye amandla agcinwe kwibhetri abuyiselwa kwigridi yamandla ngesilungisi.
