Ukudityaniswa kweLaser Sight kusetyenziso lwangoku

Uninzi lwabantu lucinga ukuba izinto ezibonwa ngelaser zezemipu kuphela, kodwa itekhnoloji isasazeke ngaphaya kwemarike yokuqala. Besisebenza ngeesistim zokujolisa ngelaser ukusukela ngo-2019, kwaye izicelo ziyaqhubeka zisanda kumashishini, ezonyango, kunye namacandelo erobhothi apho ukuchaneka kokukhomba kubalulekile.

Umgaqo osisiseko awukatshintshi kakhulu - uveza umqa obonakalayo okanye weIR ophawula apho into iyakubetha okanye apho isixhobo siya kuzibandakanya. Kodwa ukubulawa kuba nzima ngokukhawuleza xa ujonga iinketho zokunyuka, iimfuno zamandla, kunye neemeko zokusingqongileyo.

I-Crimson Trace ikhuphe uchungechunge lwabo lwe-Rail Master emva kwe-2018, kwaye ezo yunithi zinokuphatha i-1000G yomothuko wokubuyisela. Lo mfanekiso ube luphawu lokunyuswa kwemizi-mveliso kuba ukuba uyasinda ekubuyeleni kompu, uya kusingatha iindawo ezininzi zokungcangcazela kwimveliso. Imodeli ye-RM-110 ibaleke malunga needola ezingama-280 zokuthengisa (ixabiso le-crimsontrace.com ukusuka ngo-2020), eyayingumnqantsa kodwa yakunika i-laser ebomvu eyi-5mW eyahlala ilizero emva kweempembelelo eziphindaphindiweyo.

Ngomsebenzi womgca wendibano, siye savavanya uthotho lwe-Streamlight's TLR ecaleni kweenketho ezingabizi kakhulu ezivela kubavelisi baphesheya kweelwandle. Iqondo lobushushu lalingumbulali - iiyunithi ezixabisa ngaphantsi kweedola ezingama-50 ziya kutshintsha indawo ekujoliswe kuyo nge-intshi ezi-3-4 kwii-intshi ezingama-20 xa zisuka kwi-60℃F ukuya kwi-95℃F umgangatho wevenkile. Iiyunithi zokukhanya (malunga ne-180-220 yeedola ngokuxhomekeke kwimodeli) zibambe i-zero ngaphakathi kwe-intshi ezi-0.5 kuloluhlu ngokovavanyo lwethu lwebhentshi ehlotyeni lika-2021.

Awusoloko udinga loo nqanaba lozinzo nangona kunjalo. Kuxhomekeke ngokupheleleyo kwinto oyenzayo.

Laser Sight

Oku kuyamangalisa kuba ukudityaniswa kwezixhobo zonyango kudla ngokufuna iilases zodidi lwesi-2 (ngaphantsi kwe-1mW yesiphumo ngokwemigaqo ye-FDA - i-accessdata.fda.gov inohlelo olupheleleyo) kodwa ifuna ukuchaneka kokubeka phantsi kwe-0.1mm kumgama wokusebenza wama-300{9}}500mm. I-Coherent Inc. yenza iimodyuli ze-laser ezibetha ezo nkcazo - uchungechunge lwabo lwe-CUBE luhamba malunga ne-$ 400-600 ngeyunithi nganye ngokuxhomekeke kwi-wavelength kunye nemveliso yamandla.

Sidibanise iilaser ezibomvu ezingama-635nm kwinkqubo yokuhlanganisa i-catheter kulo nyaka uphelileyo. I-wavelength ibaluleke ngaphezu kokuba abantu baqonda - 635i-nm ibonisa indlela engcono kune-650nm phantsi kokukhanya okuqhelekileyo kwe-fluorescent, into efana ne-4x ebonakalayo ngokuhambelana namaxwebhu obugcisa beLaserex. Umahluko weendleko mhlawumbi yi-15-20% kodwa ufanelekile xa abaqhubi besebenzisa inkqubo yolungelelaniso kwiishifti zeeyure ezisi-8.

Iilaser eziluhlaza (ngokuqhelekileyo i-532nm) zibonakala ngakumbi emehlweni abantu, malunga ne-5x ngaphezulu kunobomvu kwimveliso yamandla efanayo. Kodwa zibiza ngaphezulu kwaye zitya iibhetri ngokukhawuleza. Silinganise umzobo wangoku kwimodyuli eluhlaza ye-5mW kwi-180mA xa ithelekiswa ne-120mA kwimveliso ebomvu elinganayo. Kwizixhobo eziphathwayo ezibalulekileyo. Ufakelo olusisigxina olunamandla eludongeni, sebenzisa uhlaza ukuba uhlahlo lwabiwo-mali luvumela.

I-ABB Robotics yaqala ukudibanisa izikhombisi zelaser kuthotho lwabo lwe-IRB malunga no-2017 ukufundisa imisebenzi elengayo. Kwenze kube lula kwiingcali ukuba zibone iindlela zerobhothi ngaphandle kokuqhuba imisebenzi ephilayo. Iimodyuli zelaser abazisebenzisileyo bezingeyonto zintle - ngokusisiseko zipakishwe ngokutsha iiyunithi zorhwebo ezinomothuko ongcono kunye nezindlu ezilinganiselweyo ze-IP67.

I-Fanuc ithathe indlela eyahlukileyo kunye neerobhothi zabo ze-CRX ezisebenzisanayo, ibeka i-laser emitter kwi-flange yesixhobo kwaye iyisebenzisela ukubonwa kwendawo yokhuseleko. Inkqubo yabo iprojekthi indawo ye-10-15mm ububanzi ehamba kunye nesiphumo sokugqibela. Ukusetyenziswa kwamandla kuqhuba malunga ne-2W eqhubekayo, ephuma ngqo kwibhajethi yamandla esixhobo. Kuya kufuneka uphendule loo nto xa uchaza i-grippers okanye ezinye iziphumo zokuphela.

IiRobhothi zeUniversal aziquki izinto ezibonwa ngelaser njengesiqhelo kodwa iUR+ yazo inezinto ezininzi onokukhetha kuzo kwiqela lesithathu. Ikhamera yeRobotiq Wrist ngamanye amaxesha idityaniswa ne-coaxial laser yokulinganisa ubunzulu, nangona loo nto ingena kwindawo yokukhanya eyakhiweyo endaweni yokujolisa ngokulula.

Amanqanaba e-laser yokwakha ahluke ngokupheleleyo kodwa kufanelekile ukukhankanya. Uthotho lwe-GLL yeBosch kunye ne-DW088 ye-Dewalt zombini zisebenzisa iilaser zeklasi yesi-2 kunye nemigca yeprojekthi endaweni yamachaphaza. I-DW088 ijikeleza malunga ne-$ 150 kwaye iphosa imigca ye-perpendicular echanekileyo ukuya kwi-± 1/8 intshi kwii-30 ezinyaweni (dewalt.com spec sheet). Ezi zinto zinexabiso eliphantsi ngokwaneleyo kangangokuba zibonakala kwiindawo ezincinci zeevenkile zomsebenzi woyilo.

Ubalo lobomi bebhetri buba bumdaka kuba ukusebenza kwelaser diode kuyahluka ngobushushu. I-laser diode eqhelekileyo ebomvu inokuba 15-20% ngokufanelekileyo, okuthetha ukuba i-80-85% yamandla okufaka iba bubushushu. Yiyo loo nto ufakelo oluqhubekayo-umsebenzi lufuna ukutshona kobushushu nakwimodyuli zamandla aphantsi.

Silinganise imodyuli ye-laser ebomvu eyi-5mW itsala i-90mA kwi-3.3V - emalunga ne-300mW yegalelo lemveliso ye-5mW, ngoko ke malunga ne-17% esebenzayo. Ukubaleka oko ibhetri CR123A (1500mAh umthamo 3V) kukunika runtime ithiyori iiyure 16-17, kodwa uya kubona ngakumbi njenge 12-14 iiyure practice kuba amandla ombane ebhetri yehla phantsi komthwalo.

Ukuzixhoma ngokwayo kubangela isiqingatha seengxaki esizibonayo kufakelo lwangaphandle. Imingxuma yokufaka i-M3 isemgangathweni kodwa ubunzulu bentambo buyahluka phakathi kwabavelisi. Ezinye iimodyuli zaseTshayina zicacisa iintambo ze-M3x0.5 kwi-4mm enzulu, ezinye zihamba nge-6mm ubunzulu. Izandi zincinci kodwa xa uzama ukunyusela nge-3mm ipleyiti yealuminiyam ngokudibana okufanelekileyo komsonto, loo mahluko we-2mm umisela ukuba ungasebenzisa ibholiti eqhelekileyo okanye ufuna izixhobo zesiko.

I-Surefire isebenzisa isixokelelwano esibambekayo sikaloliwe kwizibane zabo ze-X400 ezikwasebenza kakuhle ekunyusweni kwemizimveliso ukuya T{1}}i-slot ye-aluminiyam extrusion. Amandla okubamba ayalungelelaniswa kwaye awathembeli kwitorque yomsonto, enceda ukugcina iqanda kwindawo ephezulu-yokungcangcazela. Iiyunithi zibiza malunga ne-600 yeedola kodwa zihlala ngonaphakade. Sinento ebalekayo ukusukela ngo-2018 ngolondolozo lwe-zero ngaphaya kokutshintsha kwebhetri.

Laser Sight

Iilaser ze-IR (ngokuqhelekileyo i-850nm okanye i-940nm wavelengths) zibonisa kwi-sensors zekhamera kodwa kungekhona emehlweni abantu. Isebenziseka kumatshini wokujonga usetyenziso apho ungafuni ukukhanya okubonakalayo kuphazamisana neentambo zokubona zomsebenzisi. I-Edmund Optics ithengisa iimodyuli ze-850nm malunga ne-$200-300 edityaniswe neekhamera zemizi-mveliso eziqhelekileyo. Iikhamera zeBasler ace zinovakalelo olulungileyo kolo luhlu - imodeli yazo ye-acA1920-40gm ibonisa ukusebenza kakuhle komyinge we-50% kwi-850nm ngokwedatha yedatha (baslerweb.com).

I-940nm iya ingabonakali ngakumbi kodwa ubuntununtunu bekhamera buyehla. Uninzi lwezinzwa ze-silicon mhlawumbi zine-30% ye-QE kwi-940nm xa ithelekiswa ne-50% kwi-850nm, ngoko ke uncama umqondiso wokufihlakala okungcono. Ixabisa kuphela ukuba umntu{7}}ukukhanya okubonakalayo kuyingxaki.

Izixhobo zokulungelelaniswa kweLaser kwiinkqubo zamehlo ngamanye amaxesha zisebenzisa i-IR kuba zisebenza kwindawo apho ukukhanya okubonakalayo okulahlekileyo kubangela imiba. I-laser yolungelelwaniso lwe-IR yeNewport Corporation iqhuba i-800-1200 yeedola kodwa ikunika imveliso yamandla ehlengahlengiswayo kunye nomgangatho ongcono womqadi kuneemodyuli ezitshiphu. Amaxabiso e-M² angaphantsi kwe-1.1 xa kuthelekiswa no-1.3-1.5 kwiiyunithi zorhwebo. Ibalulekile loo nto xa uzama ukudibanisa kwimingxuma emincinci okanye ugcine ukungqubana kumgama omde.

Asizisebenzisi ezo ngaphandle kokuba isicelo siyayifuna nangona kunjalo. Iindleko zongezwa ngokukhawuleza.

I-"5mW laser pointer" inokuba ne-beam divergence naphi na ukusuka kwi-0.5 milliradians ukuya kwi-1.5 milliradians. Kwiimitha ezili-10 ngumahluko phakathi kwechaphaza le-5mm kunye ne-15mm ichaphaza. Abavelisi ngamanye amaxesha bayayichaza le nto, ngamanye amaxesha abayi.

Iilaser eziluhlaza zitshiphu ezisuka eAmazon zikholisa ukuqhuba 1.2 -1.5 mrad divergence. Silinganise iiyunithi ezininzi ngolungiselelo olulula - i-laser kumgama osisigxina, i-target emhlophe, imilinganiselo yendawo kunye neekhalipha. Ayinakwenzeka ncam i-NIST kodwa ilungile ngokwaneleyo ukwenza isicelo. I-laser eluhlaza ye-DPSS ebiza kakhulu evela kwi-CNI okanye i-Laserglow Technologies ihlala ingena ngaphantsi kwe-1.0 mrad kunye neeprofayili ezingcono zesetyhula.

Iprofayile yeBeam ibalulekile xa uzama ukubetha iithagethi ezincinci. Isitha seGaussian sikunika indawo esembindini ecocekileyo enokuqengqeleka kancinci kancinci. Iilaser diode ezitshiphu ngamanye amaxesha ziba neeprofayili ezijikelezayo okanye ezingaqhelekanga ezenza ukujolisa okuchanekileyo kube nzima. Ekuphela kwendlela yokwazi kukuthembela kwi-spec sheet yomenzi (kunobungozi ngaphandle-kwamagama egama) okanye uzivavanye.

Kulungelelwaniso lwesixhobo sotyando sigqibe kwelokuba sicinge nge-0.6 mrad umahluko omkhulu kuba umgama wokusebenza ubuyi-400mm kwaye ubungakanani obujoliswe kuko yi-2mm ubukhulu. Oko kukunika i-slop kodwa hayi kakhulu. Ixabiso leprimiyamu yokwahluka okungqongqo kwakumalunga nama-40% ngaphezulu kweemodyuli eziqhelekileyo zemizi mveliso.

Sibeka iisistim zolungelelwaniso lwelaser kwi-CNC mill setup ye-automated tool setting. Ijongeka ngokuthe ngqo - faka i-laser kwizindlu ezisontayo, umqadi weprojekthi kwithagethi yesalathiso esisigxina, umlinganiselo wokutenxa phambi kokuba isixhobo ngasinye sitshintshe. Isebenze kakuhle ekuvavanyeni, ayiphumelelanga kwimveliso ngenxa yokuba ukusika inkungu ye-fluid kwehlisa ifestile ye-laser kwiiveki ezi-2. Akukho mntu wacinga ngaloo nto ngexesha loyilo.

Isisombululo ibikukongeza umbhobho wokucoca umoya ocinezelekileyo ogcina ukuhamba komoya rhoqo kwi-laser aperture. Kongezwe i-$ 45 kwiinxalenye kunye neeyure ze-2 zokufaka ixesha lomshini ngamnye. Bekufanele kuyilo lokuqala.

Imbuyekezo yobushushu yenye into eluma abantu. Sachaza inkqubo yokubeka i-laser yesixhobo sokubeka esidibeneyo esiya kusebenza ukusuka kwi-65℃F ukuya kwi-140℃F. Umvelisi wemodyuli ye-laser uthe iyunithi yabo ilinganiswe kwi-140℃F kodwa ayizange ikhankanye ukuba utshintsho lwe-zero luqinisekisiwe kuphela kwi-120℃F. Ngaphezu koko, ukwandiswa kwe-thermal yesibiyeli esinyukayo sahambisa i-beam ye-60 kwii-intshi ze-0. Akwamkelekanga kwaphela kwi-layup tolerances.

Iphelile ukutshintshela kumvelisi owahlukileyo (i-Laser Components DG GmbH, uchungechunge lwabo lweFP) olunikezela ngokucacileyo idatha yembuyekezo yobushushu. Iindleko zazifana, malunga ne-380 yeedola kwimodyuli nganye, kodwa ngokwenene bavavanya kwaye bayibhala indlela yokuziphatha esiyikhathaleleyo.

Laser Sight

Kwimveliso ephezulu -yevolumu apho umbono welaser umiliselwe kwimveliso, ngamanye amaxesha uvele unyuse idiode ekrwada kunye nesekethe yomqhubi ngokuthe ngqo kunokuthenga imodyuli egqityiweyo. Senze oku kwisixhobo sonyango esidinga i-3mW ye-laser ebomvu - ukuthenga i-Osram PLT5 450 i-diodes ngobuninzi be-1000 iqhube malunga ne-$ 4.20 nganye (i-osram.com 2023 ixabiso labasabalalisi), kunye nenye i-$ 2-3 yomqhubi we-IC kunye ne-passives. Iimodyuli ezipheleleyo zibiza i-$ 25-40 nganye, ngoko ke i-DIY yenza ingqiqo kwivolumu.

Icala elisezantsi kukuba wenza uyilo lwakho lwe-optical, i-heatsink, ukuqinisekiswa kwesekethe yomqhubi, kunye novavanyo lokuthembeka. Kwinto engena kwisixhobo sonyango esifuna ukungeniswa kwe-FDA, ngumsebenzi omkhulu wobunjineli lowo. Sichithe malunga neeyure ezingama-200 zizonke kuyilo kunye nokuqinisekiswa, kodwa sigcine malunga ne-18,000 yeedola kwiindleko zecandelo ngexesha lemveliso. Ifanelekile kwi 1000+ iiyunithi, ayixabisanga ngaphantsi kwe500 yeeyunithi.

Ii-optics ezidibanisayo ziyinxalenye ekhohlisayo. Udinga i-aspheric lens okanye -inkqubo yezinto ezininzi ukufumana umgangatho ophucukileyo we-beam kwi-diode engenanto. I-Edmund Optics ithengisa iilensi ze-aspheric ze-laser collimation iqala malunga ne-$ 25-50 ngokuxhomekeke kwi-NA kunye nobubanzi. Kodwa ukufumana ukungqubana okulungileyo kufuna isithuba esichanekileyo phakathi kwediode kunye nelensi, ngokwesiqhelo ngaphakathi kwe-0.05mm. Oko kuthetha ukuba machining achanekileyo ezindlu okanye izikrufu zohlengahlengiso ngokutshixa.

Abanye abavelisi bajikeleza ngoku{0}ngeemodyuli zediode ekholisiweyo yangaphambili. I-Thorlabs inothotho lwabo lwe-CPS oludibanisa i-diode, umqhubi, kunye ne-optics edibanisayo kwi-compact TO{2}} can package. Malunga ne-80-120 yeedola ngeyunithi nganye esephantsi kunezikhombisi zelaser ezigqityiweyo kwaye ikunika ukuguquguquka koyilo ngakumbi.

Andiqinisekanga ukuba kutheni abantu abaninzi bengazisebenzisi ezi izicelo ezizinzisiweyo. Basombulula uninzi lweengxaki zokunyamezelana ngoomatshini ngelixa begcina iindleko ezifanelekileyo kwimithamo ephakathi.

Kwiimodyuli eziphathekayo zelaser kuluhlu lwe-1-5mW,lithium CR1/3N ibhetriukusebenza ngokumangalisayo. Bancinci ngokwasemzimbeni kodwa bapakishe i-170mAh kwi-3V, yanele iiyure ezisi-8 ukuya kwezi-10 zexesha lokusebenza kwiimodyuli eziqhelekileyo zelaser ebomvu. Sizisebenzise kwizixhobo zolungelelwaniso oluphathwa ngesandla apho iibhetri ze-AA bezininzi kakhulu. Iindleko zibaleka malunga ne- $2-3 ngeseli nganye ngokobuninzi, kwaye ubomi beshelufu yiminyaka engu- 10+ ebaluleke kakhulu kwi-inventri esecaleni.