Ibhetri ye-forklift yombane engcono kakhulu ayikho imveliso yendalo yonke. Ukubuza ukuba yeyiphi na onokuyithenga ngaphandle kokuchaza ubume bokutshintsha, ubushushu be-ambient, kunye nobukhulu bezithuthi kuvelisa impendulo yomgangatho ofanayo njengokubuza ukuba yeyiphi i-oyile yemoto emayisetyenziswe ngaphandle kokwazi injini. Kwicandelo elinentsingiselo yokusebenza, iingcebiso ezinyanisekileyo ziseyi-lead-asidi. Ayilothango lozakuzaku. Sisikhundla sobunjineli esisibambe ePolinovel, nangona sisenza i-lithium. Eli nqaku lichaza apho i-chemistry nganye iphumelela, apho isilela khona, kwaye apho izigqibo zokuthenga zihlala ziphosakele.
I-Lead-I-Acid iseyi-Sensible Forklift battery for Light-Umsebenzi wokuSebenza
Iiyure ezintandathu zemihla ngemihla, ubushushu begumbi, iilori ezintlanu okanye ngaphantsi. Kuloo mvulophu yokusebenza,ibhetri yeforklift yeasidikwi-36V okanye i-48V ihlawulisa ngobusuku, ipholile ngaphambi kokutshintsha okulandelayo, kwaye ihambisa i-1,200-1,500 imijikelo ngaphambi kokutshintshwa. Iindleko zangaphambili ziqhuba malunga nesinye{7}}sesithathu seyunithi ethelekisekayo yeLFP. Umsantsa weTCO awuze uvale ngenxa yokubaiindleko ezifihliweyo ezohlwaya ilothe -iasidi ngeqondo eliphezulungokulula musa ukwenza izinto ngokusetyenziswa okuphantsi.
"Apho oku kuphulwa kuqikelelwa. Yongeza utshintsho lwesibini, okanye cwangcisa kwiinyanga ezizayo ze-18, kwaye iimfuno zeziseko zophuhliso zitshintsha ngokupheleleyo."
Iishifti ezimbini zithetha ukutshintshwa kwebhetri phakathi-emini, nto leyo ethetha igumbi lokutshaja elizinikeleyo elineasidi{1}}enomgangatho onganyangekiyo kunye nokungena umoya ngenkani, isixokelelwano sokunyuswa okanye sokuqengqeleka seepakethi ezinobunzima obungaphezulu kwewaka leekhilogram, kunye nobuncinci ibhetri enye egcinwayo kwilori nganye. Yongeza umsebenzi wokunkcenkceshela: iiseli ze-asidi ezikhokelayo{3}zifuna ukugcwala qho kwiiveki ezimbini, kwaye kuphela xa zihlawulwe ngokupheleleyo. Yitsibe okanye uyenze kakubi, kwaye iipleyiti eziveziweyo zesulfate ngokungenakujikwa. Ngexesha lehla ngokubonakalayo, umthamo sele uhambile. Ezo ziseko zoncedo kunye neendleko zokuzigcina azizange zivele kwi-odolo yokuthenga ibhetri. Uphononongo lweprojekthi yeqela lethu lobunjineli luhlala lubabonisa ngaphezulu kwesiqingatha senkqubo yeasidi ekhokelayo{8}ixabiso lobomi benkqubo xa-umsebenzi weshift uqalile.
Ngumgca owahlulayo lowo. Ezantsi kwayo, -iasidi inengqondo. Ngaphezulu kwayo, izibalo zithanda i-lithium, hayi ngenxa yokuba i-lithium yongamile ngokwemvelo, kodwa ngenxa yokuba i-lead-ye-asidi esebenza ngaphezu kwezikali zisebenza ngamandla ngendlelalithium iron phosphate chemistryayi.
Yintoni ethethelela iLFP yoMbane yeForklift yeBattery Premium
Wonke umphathi wokuthenga ubona i-2–3× ixabiso lesitikha kwi-lithium iron phosphate forklift packs kunye nokunqumama. Eso nqumamo sifanelekile. Into evala isikhewu asiyondawo enye yokuthengisa kodwa luphawu lweempawu zobunjineli ezidibanisa ubomi bokusebenza bepakethi.
Ivolthi yokukhupha iFlat yeyona ichaphazela imveliso yemihla ngemihla ngokuthe ngqo. Ikhemistri ye-LFP inikezela ngemveliso engaguqukiyo kude kube malunga ne-10% yentlawulo. I-lead-i-voltage yeasidi iyehla ngokuqhubekayo; Ngexesha ipakethe ibetha i-30% yesakhono esiseleyo, isantya sokuphakamisa kunye nomthamo womthwalo wehlile ngokulinganisekayo. Abasebenzisi bahlawula ngokuqhuba iipalethi ezimbalwa ngeyure okanye ngokutshintshanisa iibhetri kwangoko. Zombini iimpendulo zibiza imali engazange ibalelwe kwibhetri.
Ukujikeleza{0}}uhambo lokutshaja ngokufanelekileyo kukhulisa isithuba kwisikali sezithuthi. Iipakethe ze-LFP ziguqula i-95-97% yamandla egridi ibe ngumsebenzi osebenzisekayo. I-Lead-iinkqubo zeasidi, i-factoring in gassing loss, iimfuno zokupholisa, kunye neentlawulo zokulinganisa, umhlaba okufutshane ne-75-80%. Ngaphezulu koluhlu lweelori ezingama-20 eziqhuba iishifti ezimbini, loo msantsa wobuchule uguqulela malunga ne-20–30% yeendleko zombane ezisezantsi ngelori nganye ngonyaka, ngokusekwe kwiiprojekthi esizilinganisele kuwo wonke uvimba kunye nemisebenzi yolungiselelo.
Emva koko kukho i-equation yendawo yomgangatho. Eyona bhetri yeforklift yombane kwindawo eninzi-yeshift isoloko iyiyo esusa igumbi lokutshaja ngokupheleleyo. Iipakethi ze-LFP zihlala kwilori. Ithuba lokutshaja ngexesha lekhefu longeza ixesha lokusebenza ngaphandle kokuthotywa, kubaIkhemistri ye-LFP inyamezela imijikelo yentlawulo engaphelelanga kuyo yonke i-2,500-4,000 yomjikelo wayo opheleleyo.. Umboniso osisikwere obuya kugcina igumbi lokutshaja, inkqubo yokungena komoya, kunye nendawo yokubeka ibhetri ibuyela ekusetyenzisweni okunemveliso. Kumaziko osasazo asezidolophini axineneyo, eso sithuba sibangiwe ngamanye amaxesha sihlawulela ukuphuculwa kwe-lithium ngokwayo.
Iintshukumo ezininzi-ezenza olu guqulelo ludlule ikhefu{1}}kwanomlinganiselo phakathi kweenyanga ezingama-24-36. Ngomnyaka wesihlanu, iyantlukwano iba nkulu. Abasebenzisi be-asidi ekhokelayo{6} bathenga iseti yabo yesibini okanye yesithathu yokutshintsha,{7}}baxhobisa kwakhona amagumbi okutshaja, kwaye baphinda bathathe amanyathelo okulungisa kwakhona.Ipakethi ye-LFP yasekuqaleni, okwangoku, isasebenza ngaphezulu kwe-80% yomthamo olinganisiweyo ngokunkcenkceshela, ukulinganisa kwe-zero, kunye nexesha lokutshintsha ibhetri zero.Ngelo xesha, incoko isuka "ngaba siye sagcina imali" ukuya "kubungakanani bendawo yokugcina impahla."
Ukukhetha ibhetri yeForklift kwiSub-Zero kunye neNdawo yoGcino olubandayo
Xa umphathi wogcino lweShunfeng Cold Chain's Dongguan wasibiza malunga neelori ezingama-31 ezineebhetri ezingasebenziyo, ukuxilongwa kwaba yincwadi yokufunda. Iipakethi ze-asidi ezisemgangathweni zilahlekelwa yi-30-50% yomthamo olinganisiweyo kwindawo yesikhenkcisi esingaphantsi -iqondo lama-20 . Akukho shedyuli yolondolozo ithintela oku; iqhutywa yi-electrolyte viscosity kunye ne-fiziksi yokuchasa yangaphakathi. I-LFP ibamba malunga ne-90-95% yomthamo olinganisiweyo kumaqondo okushisa afanayo, kodwa kuphela phantsi kwemeko enye engenakuxoxisana: inkqubo yokulawula ibhetri kufuneka ibandakanye ukufudumeza kweeseli ezisebenzayo ezivimbela ukutshaja ngaphantsi kwe-0 degree.
Loo meko ayibobunjineli bokuzikhethela. Iiseli ze-lithium ze-iron phosphate ezihlawuliswa ngaphantsi kokukhenkceza ziphuhlisa isinyithi se-lithium plating kwi-anode, ebangela ilahleko yesakhono esisisigxina kunye neendlela ezinokuthi zenzeke ngaphakathi{1}}zesekethe. Akukho lungiso lwe-firmware lulungisa iiseli ezigcweleyo. Ipakethe ye-48V 500Ah efakwe kwi -25℃degree 25 yempahla yokugcina impahla ngaphandle kokuzifudumeza{9}}izakudlula uvavanyo olwamkelekileyo ehlotyeni kwaye ingaphumeleli kubusika bayo bokuqala. Siyibonile le nto isenzeka, kwaye yiyo loo nto ukuzifudumeza kusemgangathweni kuthi sonkeyokugcina ebandayo ulungelelwaniso ibhetri forklift, hayi ukongeza{0}}kwi.
Iipakethi zethu ze-LFP ezibandayo - ezilinganiselweyo ze-LFP zidibanisa izinto zokufudumeza ezilawulwa yi-NTC thermistors ezifakwe kwimodyuli yesakhiwo. I-BMS ivalela ngaphandle ukutshaja de iiseli zifike kwiqondo lobushushu elikhuselekileyo, ngokwesiqhelo i-5 degree. Ukuba uvavanya ibhetri ye-lithium forklift kwimisebenzi yesikhenkcisi, umbuzo wokuqala wakhe nawuphi na umthengisi ucacisiwe:lithini iqondo lobushushu lokutshaja ekutshixeni, yeyiphi indlela yokufudumeza esetyenziswayo, kwaye lithini ixesha lerempu ye-thermal ukusuka kwi- -25℃ukuya kumda wokutshaja?Iimpendulo ezingacacanga zithetha ukuba imveliso ayenzelwanga ukusasazwa -noziro.
Indlela ukuphuculwa kwebhetri yeForklift kusilela ngayo ekusebenzeni
Kwiprojekthi ye-48V ye-Toyota BT ye-forklifts e-Saudi Arabia, sitshintshe iibhetri ze-300Ah NCA kunye neepakethi ze-315Ah LFP. Izisele zazithe ngqo. Ubunjineli be-counterweight babungekho. I-lead-ye-asidi ye-forklift yebhetri kwiklasi ye-48V inobunzima be-1,200-1,800 kg. Indawo yethu ye-LFP ingene malunga nesiqingatha sobunzima. Ngaphandle kokubuyekeza i-ballast, incam yelori{14}}ngaphaya komda phantsi komthwalo olinganiselweyo utshintsha ngokuyingozi. Senze iibhloko zentsimbi ezichasene nobunzima (ngokuqhelekileyo yi-200–500 kg ngokuxhomekeke kudidi lwelori) kwaye sizidibanise kuyilo lwetreyi yebhetri. Le ndleko kunye nexesha elihamba phambili kufuneka libe kwibhajethi yeprojekthi ukususela ngosuku lokuqala, kungakhathaliseki ukuba yiyiphi i-lithium supplier oyikhethayo.
Ukuhambelana kwebhasi ye-CAN yimowudi yokusilela amaqela aphantse angalindelanga. Abalawuli beforklift zoshishino banxibelelana ne-BMS phezu kwe-CAN, ngokuqhelekileyoJ1939 okanye iprotocol yeCANopen. Ukuba i-BMS kunye nomlawuli bathetha iilwimi ezahlukeneyo zeprotocol, ilori inokubonisa intlawulo epheleleyo kwideshibhodi kodwa yale ukuqhuba. Iipakethe zePolinovel zixhasa zombini i-CAN kunye ne-RS485 yonxibelelwano, ilungiselelwe ukutshatisa iToyota, iLinde, iHyster-Yale, kunye nabalawuli beCrown. Kodwa oku kudityaniswa kufuneka kuqinisekiswe ngexesha lokucaciswa, akufunyanwanga ngexesha lokugunyaziswa nge-6 AM kumgangatho wogcino.
Ukungahambelani kwetshaja kuqikelelwa ngokulinganayo. Itshaja ekhoyo ekhokelayo -ye-asidi zisebenzisa inqanaba lokulinganisa lokutshajisa elibangela ukuba ipakethe ye-LFP ikhuseleke ngokugqithisileyo kwaye ivale iseshoni.Uhlahlo lwabiwo-mali lwe-LFP ezinikeleyo{0}}iitshaja ezihambelanayo xa ucwangcisa ukuguqulwa kwezithuthi.Amanye ala maxesha aphezulu-amaqonga etshaja rhoqo axhasa i-firmware-iiprofayile ezitshintshekayo zazo zombini iikhemistri, ezinokonga inkunzi ukuba uguqula iilori ngezigaba kunokuba zonke ngaxeshanye. Qinisekisa obu buchule ngokuchasene nemigaqo yonxibelelwano ye-BMS ethile esetyenziswa yipakethi yakho ye-lithium ngaphambi kokuba ucinge ukuba utyalo-mali lwakho lwetshaja luqhubela phambili.
Indlela yokuvavanya uMboneleli weBattery yeForklift yoMbane
Isiqinisekiso sisihluzo sokuqala. Cela i-UL 2580 (ukhuseleko lwebhetri kwizicelo zemoto, iiforklift zokugquma),IEC 62619(iimfuno zokhuseleko lweseli ye-lithium yamashishini), kunye ne-UN 38.3 (isiqinisekiso sezothutho). Iipakethi ze-Polinovel LFP zithwala i-CE, i-IEC, i-UL, kunye ne-UN38.3 izatifikethi kumgca wethu wokuphatha izinto. Ukuba umthengisi akakwazi ukuvelisa izatifikethi ezineenombolo zesiriyali ezihambelana neemodeli ozicaphulayo, qhubela phambili.
Ngaphandle kwamaphepha, vandlakanya uyilo lweBMS. Ngaba ibandakanya{1}}ngaphambili iisekethe zokutshaja ukuthintela ukuwelda kwi-inrush yangoku? Iseli-inqanaba lokujongwa kwamandla ombane okanye imodyuli nje-inqanaba lomndilili? Izithintelo zokusasazeka kwe-thermal phakathi kwamaqela eeseli? Ukhuseleko lomzimba lubalulekile ngokulinganayo kwimimandla yemizi-mveliso apho iimpembelelo ziyinyani yemihla ngemihla. Iipakethi zethu zisebenzisa i-IP65/IP67-iziqhagamshelo ezilinganisiweyo ezine-SPCC yentsimbi evalwe ngokupheleleyo eyenzelwe ukuphatha ukungcangcazela, ukufuma, kunye noqhagamshelwano olungalindelekanga oluveliswa yimisebenzi yendawo yokugcina impahla. Ibhetri ye-forklift edlula uvavanyo lwelebhu kodwa ingabikho kwimeko yomgangatho wokwenyani lityala kunyaka wesibini. Sikwakha ekubekweni esweni kweBluetooth ngexesha langempela le-SOC, i-voltage, yangoku, kunye nedatha yobushushu kwiselula, kuba abaphathi bezithuthi kweli nqanaba bafuna ukubonakala kwipakethi yezempilo, hayi nje ikhadi lewaranti.
Uguqulo lwebhetri yeforklift yiprojekthi yodibaniso lwenkqubo, hayi ukulahla{0}}kutshintshiselwano. Umniki-nkonzo kufuneka abonelele ngamaxwebhu eprothokholi ye-CAN, ukuqinisekiswa kokuhambelana kwetshaja, iinkcukacha ezichasene nobunzima ngokwemodeli yelori nganye, kunye nenkxaso yogunyaziso. Ukuba sele ugqibe kwi-LFP kwaye kufuneka uthelekise ulwakhiwo lwepakethi, yethuIsikhokelo sokukhetha se-lithium-iiforklift ezinamandlaiquka into omawuyijonge kwimarike iphela.
Yiza noluhlu lwakho lwemodeli yelori, ishedyuli yeshifti, kunye nedatha yobushushu beziko. Siza kukuxelela ukuba i-lithium yenza ingqiqo yezemali phambi kokuba sicaphule ixabiso.
