I-24V vs 48V Ibhetri yeForklift: Unokukhetha njani kwisixhobo sakho
Malunga nesithathu sabathengi endisebenze nabo ekuthengeni ibhetri yeforklift baqale ngokubuza umbuzo ongalunganga. Babuza "yeyiphi engcono, 24V okanye 48V?" xa bekufanele ukuba babuza ukuba "yeyiphi i-voltage efunwa yisixhobo sam kunye nokusebenza?"
I-Voltage ayisiyonto oyikhethayo. Isixhobo sakho siyasigqiba. Ipleyiti yedatha kwi-forklift yakho ithi 48V, yi-48V, ukuphela kwengxoxo.
Ezona zigqibo ziza emva kokuba: khokela-iasidi okanye i-lithium? Sisiphi isikhundla? Uyicwangcisa njani intlawulo? Le yimibuzo emisela ukuba uya kuzisola ngokuthenga kwakho kwiminyaka emithathu ukusukela ngoku.
Uhlobo lweSixhobo luyalela iVoltage
Izixhobo zodidi lwesithathu{0}}iijekhi zepallet ye-walkie, izitaki ze-walkie, abakhweli bokugqibela{1}}zibaleka nge-24V kwiimeko ezininzi. Aba matshini baphatha imithwalo engaphantsi kwe-4,000 lbs, bagubungela imigama emifutshane, kwaye abafuni mveliso yamandla aphezulu. I-platform ye-24V igcina iipakethi zebhetri zihlangene kunye noomatshini abanokulawuleka kumagumbi angasemva okuthengisa kunye nezikhululo ezincinci zokuhambisa.
Izixhobo zeClass I kunye ne-II zihlukile. I-counterbalance forklifts, ukufikelela kwiilori, abacholi beodolo bafuna amandla okunyusa aqhubekayo kunye nohambo olude lokuhamba{1}}I-V ngumgangatho apha. Idatha yoshishino lweMarket.us ibeka iibhetri ze-48V kwi-38.5% yesabelo semarike ye-forklift yehlabathi jikelele ye-forklift-esona siphezulu kulo naliphi na icandelo lombane.
Inye into ekufuneka bayazi abathengi baseMntla Melika: I-36V ikhona phantse kuphela kwimarike yaseMntla Melika. Igqala lokugcinwa kwe-forklift leminyaka engama-30 kwiiforam ze-ForkliftAction liyibeka ngokucacileyo: "I-36 volt inamandla ombane aseMntla Melika kwaye ayisetyenziswa kwezinye iindawo zehlabathi." Ukuba inkampani yakho isebenza kumazwe angaphandle okanye idinga umgangatho wezixhobo zehlabathi, i-36V inciphisa ukhetho lwakho lomthengisi kunye nokufumaneka kweenxalenye xa kuthelekiswa ne-48V.
Iisistim ze-80V zezezicelo ezinzima-, iiforklift ezichasene ne-2.5 yeetoni kunye nezixhobo zezibuko. Ingqiqo yokuthenga iyahluka kwizigqibo ze-24V/48V, endiya kuzigubungela ngokwahlukeneyo.
Kutheni iNqanaba loMbane lichaphazela ukusebenza kunye neendleko
Oku kufumana ubuchwephesha obuncinci, kodwa ukuqonda kuyanceda ngokubalwa kweendleko kamva.
Amandla alingana namaxesha ombane angoku. Ukufumana imveliso ye-9,600W, inkqubo ye-48V idonsa i-200A, inkqubo ye-24V idinga i-400A. Ukuphinda kabini langoku kuthetha ubushushu obuninzi kwiintambo, ilahleko eyongezelelekileyo kwizihlanganisi, ukuguga okukhawulezayo kwiibhrashi zemoto kunye nezinxibelelanisi.
Ndiyibonile inqanawa yomthengi ye-24V apho ukusebenza okuphezulu kwangoku kutshabalalisa izihlanganisi kabini okanye kathathu ngonyaka. Isiqingatha samatikiti abo olondolozo ibikukusilela koqhagamshelwano lombane{2}hayi ngenxa yokuba iibhetri bezingalunganga, kodwa ngenxa yokuba inkqubo ibisebenza nzima kunokuba ibifuneka.
I-voltage sag nayo ayinakwa. I-Lead-ibhetri zeasidi ziwisa amandla ombane ngokuqhubekayo ngexesha lokukhupha. Ibhetri efunda i-48V xa ihlawulwe ngokupheleleyo inokuhla iye kwi-42V okanye ihle nge-50%. Xa amandla ombane ehla nge-10%, i-torque ye-motor yehla malunga ne-20%. I-forklift ivakalelwa kukuba ivila, iphakamisa iyancipha, isantya siyancipha. Iigophe zokukhutshwa kweLithium zihlala zithe tyaba, amandla ombane atshintsha kancinci ukusuka kwintlawuliso epheleleyo ukuya kwi-20% eseleyo, ngoko ukusebenza kuhlala kungaguquguquki kulo lonke utshintsho.
Isigqibo Sokwenyani: IKhokelo{0}}iAcid okanye iLithium kwiVoltage yakho
Nje ukuba amandla ombane esetyenzisiwe, ikhemistri yebhetri iba ngumbuzo ongundoqo wokuthengwa kwempahla.
Amaxabiso kuqala. Ndiza kukunika uluhlu kunamanani achanekileyo kuba iimeko zemarike ziyatshintsha, kodwa nantsi into esiyibonayo ngoku:
24V lead -asidi ibaleka $2,950 ukuya $3,800. I-Lithium kumbane ofanayo itsibela kwi-6,000 yeedola ukuya kwi-10,000 yeedola.
I-48V isasazeke ngakumbi. I-Lead-asidi inokuba naphi na ukusuka kwi-$3,600 ukuya kwi-$10,000 ngokuxhomekeke kumthamo{7}}luluhlu olukhulu olo kuba ipakethe ye-400Ah kunye ne-700Ah pack zizinto ezahlukileyo kakhulu. I-Lithium 48V ihleli phakathi kwe-$ 10,000 kunye ne-$ 20,000.
Kuba iinkqubo 80V, lindela $8,000 ukuba $12,000 for lead - acid, $15,000 ukuba $25,000 for lithium.
Ukujonga la manani, i-lithium ixabisa kabini okanye ngaphezulu. Uninzi lwabaphathi beentengo bama apha kwaye bagqibe nge-lead{1}}iasidi iyavakala ngakumbi. Kodwa eso sigwebo sijonga kuphela kwiphepha lokuqala le-invoyisi.
Iindleko zizonke zoBunini luthelekiso lokwenyani
Ixabiso lokuqala lebhetri limele kuphela i-35% ukuya kwi-50% yeendleko zobomi. Okunye kuvela kulondolozo, ukusetyenziswa kwamandla, abasebenzi, kunye nemijikelo yokutshintshwa.
Nantsi iminyaka eyi-8-uthelekiso lwenkqubo ye-48V. Ezimbini -zokusebenza kweshifti, i-lead-asidi kwi-575Ah, i-lithium kwi-378Ah (uxinzelelo lwamandla oluphezulu lwe-lithium luthetha ukuba awudingi ukulinganisa kwe-Ah efanayo).
Ilead{{0}iasidi yongeza ngokukhawuleza.Ukuthenga kokuqala $6,500. Ngaphezulu kweminyaka esi-8 uya kutshintsha ibhetri kabini{3}}yongeza i-$13,000. Ukunkcenkceshela veki nganye kunye nokulingana ngekota ukubiza abasebenzi kuqhuba malunga ne-4,800 yeedola. Izinto eziphathekayo kunye nexesha lokunkcenkceshela kunye nokulinganisa, enye i-$ 2,400. I-Lead -i-asidi yokutshaja ngokufanelekileyo yi-75% ukuya kwi-80%, ngoko ke umbane kwiminyaka eyi-8 ufike malunga ne-$9,600. Izinto ezimbini-zokusebenza zifuna utshintsho lwebhetri, 15 ukuya kwimizuzu engama-30 inye. Ubuncinane boqikelelo lweminyaka esi-8 yokutshintshisana kwabasebenzi: $8,400. Iyonke: malunga ne-$44,700.
I-Lithium ibonakala yahlukile.Ukuthenga kokuqala $15,000. Akukho tshintsho lufunekayo-ubomi be-lithium ngokuqhelekileyo bugubungela umjikelo wonke weforklift. Ulungiso oluyimfuneko{4} simahla, iitshekhi zeqhagamshelo ngamaxesha athile, yibize nge-$400. Ukutshaja ngokufanelekileyo i-95% ukuya kwi-98%, ngoko ke iindleko zombane ze-8 zehla ukuya kwi-5,760 yeedola. Akukho kutshintsha kwebhetri kuthetha ukuba akukho xabiso labasebenzi apho. Iyonke: malunga ne-$21,160.
Umahluko yi-23,540 yeedola. I-lithium iphetha ixabisa isiqingatha kakhulu.
Kwaye olu lubalo aluquki ne-lead{0}}isiseko seasidi: iasidi{1}}i-resistant flooring yeendawo ezitshintsha ibhetri, iinkqubo ze-hydrogen ventilation, izitishi zokuhlambela amehlo. Ezi zingongeza i-50 yeedola ukuya kwi-100 yeedola ngonyawo lwesikwere kwindawo entsha yokwakha.
Ixesha lokuBuyelwa kweMbuyiselo lixhomekeke kubunzulu bokusebenza
Ubalo olungentla luthatha{0}}umsebenzi weshift ezimbini. Okwenyani isantya sentlawulo sidibana ngokuthe ngqo kwindlela osebenza nzima ngayo isixhobo sakho.
Ishifti enye-yemisebenzi (iiyure ezisi-8)ingahlawulisa ilothe{{0}iasidi ngobusuku kwaye iyisebenzise imini yonke ngaphandle kokutshintsha. Iinzuzo zeLithium apha ikakhulu kukupheliswa kogcino kunye nokonga amandla. Intlawulo idla ngokuqhuba iinyanga ezingama-30 okanye ngaphezulu. Ukuba uhlahlo lwabiwo-mali luxinene, -ishifti enye-umsebenzi wezicelo unokuncamathela ngokwengqiqo-iasidi.
Izinto ezimbini-ezitshintshayo (iiyure ezili-16)tshintsha i-equation. Ilead{{1}iasidi idinga iibhetri ezimbini ngeforklift nganye kunye nesixhobo sokutshintsha. I-Lithium inokukhawuleza-ukutshaja ngexesha lotshintsho kwaye iqhube ngokuqhubekayo. Ngokusekelwe kwiiprojekthi endizibandakanye nazo, intlawulo iqhuba iinyanga ezingama-22 ukuya kwezingama-28.
Ishifti -ezintathu okanye iiyure ezingama-24 eziqhubekayoukwenza i-lithium iyimfuneko. Lead{{1}iasidi ingadinga iibhetri ezintathu ngeforklift nganye ejikelezayo ngokusebenzisa, ukutshaja, kunye nezigaba zokupholisa. I-Lithium inokuqhuba iiyure ezingama-22 kunye neeyure ezi-2 zokutshaja. Ngobu bukhulu, umbuzo akongi mali-kukuba ingaba imijikelo yokutshaja i-lead{7}}ingakwazi nokuxhasa iimfuno zokusebenza. Ngokuqhelekileyo abanako.
Eminye idatha yeprojekthi yokwenyani esuka kwiinguqu esizibambileyo:
Inkampani yaseTexas-esekelwe kwi-3PL eneelori ezingama-50 zeClass I eziqhuba iishifti ezintathu zigcine i-$2.9 yezigidi kwiminyaka eyi-8 emva kokutshintshela kwi-lithium. Ixesha lokuhlawula yayiziinyanga ezingama-31. I-e{8}iziko lokuzalisekisa urhwebo eline-80 ye-forklift kwiishifti ezimbini zinqumle i-$4.2 yezigidi kwiindleko zokusebenza kwiminyaka emi-5{17}}intlawulo yeenyanga ezingama-22. Iziko lokuhambisa ukutya elikhenkcezisiweyo elineelori ezili-12 ezifikelelweyo lihlawulwe kwiinyanga nje ezili-17. Indawo ebandayo ibangele ukuthotywa kwe-asidi yelothe, eyenze ukuba inzuzo ye-lithium ibonakale ngakumbi.
Uphando lweRaymond Corporation kwimisebenzi ephezulu{0}}yobunzulu lufumene i-ROI yobomi phakathi kwe-415% kunye ne-656%, kunye ne-breakeven ngokukhawuleza njengeenyanga ezili-10.
UkuKhethwa koMmandla
Emva kokuthatha isigqibo nge-48V lithium, kusafuneka ukhethe umthamo. 300Ah, 400Ah, 500Ah{4}}amaxabiso ahluka ngamawaka aliqela eedola. Ukhetha njani?
Tshatisa ubude bexesha lokutshintsha. Musa ukuthenga nje eyona ndlela inkulu ekhoyo.
Ishifti enye-ye-8-yeyure yokusebenza: 300 ukuya kwi-400Ah iyasebenza. Shaja ubusuku bonke, sebenzisa imini yonke. Ezimbini-zishifti 16-zokusebenza kweyure: kufuneka ugcwalise ngexesha lotshintsho, ngoko ke i-400 ukuya kwi-500Ah ingcono-iqinisekisa ukuba intlawulo ekhawulezayo yemizuzu engama-30 ikufumana kwishifti yesibini. Umsebenzi oqhubekayo we-Three-shift: 500Ah okanye ngaphezulu, ukutshaja ngokufanelekileyo ngexesha lekhefu.
Ukugqithisa inkcitho imali kwisikhundla esingasetyenziswanga. Ukunciphisa ubungakanani kuthetha ukumisa phakathi{1}}ishifti yokutshaja, nto leyo ebulala imveliso. Ukukhetha kufuna uvavanyo olunyanisekileyo lwexesha lokwenene lokubaleka, iintsimbi zomthwalo, kunye nemigama yokuhamba. Musa ukubala ngokusekelwe kubuninzi bethiyori.
Ugcino olubandayo lutshintsha yonke into
Amaqondo obushushu aphantsi ayonakalisa ilothe{0}}ukusebenza kweasidi. Kwi 32℃F (0℃), ilothe-umthamo weasidi wehla nge25%. Kwi- - i-4℃F (-20℃), umthamo wehla nge-45%. Ibhetri ye-asidi eyi-500Ah elinganiselwe kwindawo yokugcina ifriji inokuzisa kuphela i-275Ah yomthamo osebenzisekayo.
I-Lithium enolawulo lwe-thermal igcina ngaphezulu kwe-80% umthamo kwi- - 20℃. Iipakethi ze-lithium zangoku ezibandayo ziquka iipleyiti zokufudumeza ze-PTC, i-insulation, kunye ne-desiccants ngokukodwa kwiqondo lokushisa eliphantsi kunye nemiba ye-condensation.
Ela ziko lokuhambisa elinomkhenkce endilikhankanye ngaphambili? 17 -inyanga yembuyekezo. Lead{{3}iasidi kwindawo ebandayo ayenzi nje kakuhle-iyasokola ukusebenza kwaphela. Ukuba umsebenzi wakho ubandakanya indawo epholileyo okanye enomkhenkce, i-lithium ayikhethi.
I-Retrofit okanye iSixhobo esitsha: Uluhlu lokuHlola oluhambelanayo
Ngaba iiforklift ezikhoyo ziguqulela kwi-lithium? Uninzi lunako. Idatha yeShishini ibonisa i-89% ye-forklifts yombane ibuyisela ngempumelelo kwi-lithium, i-62% yokuguqulwa kokutsha kwangaphakathi isebenza ngokunjalo.
Kodwa ukulungisa kwakhona ayikokutshintsha nje iibhetri. Zininzi izinto ezifuna ukujongwa:
I-voltage kufuneka ihambelane ngokuchanekileyo.I-forklift ye-48V isebenzisa iibhetri ze-48V, kungekhona i-36V, kungekhona i-60V. Izandi zicacile, kodwa ngokwenene ndibone umntu ezama ukusebenzisa iibhetri zombane ophezulu "ukunyusa ukusebenza." Bayitshisa isilawuli.
Imilinganiselo yekhompatimenti yebhetri ifuna umlinganiselo ochanekileyo.Izinto zepakethe yeLithium zahlukile kwilothe-asidi. Jonga ubude, ububanzi, umphakamo, iindawo zokuxhuma, kunye nendlela yentambo.
I-Counterweight inokufuna ukulungiswa.Iibhetri zeLithium zinobunzima obumalunga ne-30% ngaphantsi kwe-asidi elinganayo-. I-counterbalance forklifts ixhomekeke kubunzima obungasemva ukuzinza. Iibhetri ezikhaphukhaphu zinokufuna ukongeza i-ballast ukugcina umthamo olinganisiweyo womthwalo.
Ukuhambelana komlawuli kubangela iingxaki ezininzi.I-lithium ephumleyo yamandla ombane ibaleka malunga ne-2V phezulu kunelothe-iasidi kwinqanaba elifanayo legama. Abalawuli abadala, ngakumbi uthotho lwe-EV100, banokuphosa iikhowudi zeempazamo zombane. Ndabona imeko eqhelekileyo kwiiforamu: emva kofakelo lwe-lithium, i-forklift yaphosa ikhowudi ye-wrench 15 -i-voltage engaqhelekanga-kodwa ibhetri yayilungile ngokupheleleyo. Umlawuli akazange aqaphele i-lithium voltage curves. Izisombululo zibandakanya ukulungiswa kwe-BDI (i-Battery Discharge Indicator), ukuhlaziya i-firmware yesilawuli, okanye kwezinye iimatshini ezindala, ukutshintsha ibhodi yokulawula ephambili.
Iziseko zoncedo ezibizwayo: Iindleko ezifihlakeleyo
Iisistim ze-24V zisebenza kumandla omnye-kwisigaba 110 ukuya kwi-120V yamandla. Iivenkile eziqhelekileyo zisebenza kakuhle. Iitshaja zibiza i-$1,000 ukuya kwi-2,500 yeedola. Utyalo-mali kwiziseko zophuhliso alunaziro.
Iisistim ze-48V kunye ne-80V zifuna amandla amanqanaba amathathu-. Iitshaja eziqhelekileyo ziqhuba i-$2,000 ukuya kwi-$4,000, iitshaja ezikhawulezayo i-$5,000 ukuya kwi-$8,000 okanye ngaphezulu. Ukuba indawo yakho ayinayo inkonzo yezigaba ezithathu, ukuyizisa kunye nophuculo lwepaneli yombane kubiza i-$15,000 ukuya kwi-$30,000.
Kodwa ubale oku ecaleni kweemfuno zesiseko se-asidi-zendalo. Amagumbi ebhetri yelead{2}iasidi ifuna iasidi{3}}umgangatho onganyangekiyo, umoya ophumayo wehydrogen, izikhululo zokuhlamba amehlo, izixhobo zokutshintsha ibhetri. Akukho nto ifunekayo nge-lithium. Xa uphendula macala omabini, iindleko zeziseko zophuhliso zihlala ziphuma phantse nakwiiprojekthi ezininzi.
Iziqinisekiso zoKhuseleko
Ukhuseleko lwebhetri yeLithium luxhomekeke kumgangatho weseli kunye noyilo lweBMS (iNkqubo yoLawulo lweBattery). Musa ukujonga nje ixabiso. Qinisekisa amaxwebhu omboneleli ngezi ziqinisekiso:
I-UL 2580 igubungela ukhuseleko lwenkqubo yebhetri yemoto yombane, kubandakanywa uvavanyo lokuxhatshazwa kunye nokhuseleko lwe-thermal. I-IEC 62619 kumgangatho webhetri ye-lithium, uvavanyo lombane kunye nolawulo lobushushu. I-UN38.3 sisiqinisekiso sokhuseleko lwezothutho{5}}iibhetri azinakuthunyelwa ngokusemthethweni ngaphandle kwaso. I-ISO 26262 ngumgangatho wokhuseleko osebenzayo, ngokukodwa ukulinganisa amanqanaba okhuseleko e-BMS.
Iimveliso ezishibhile zihlala zineengxaki zesatifikethi. Ndincoma ukufuna izatifikethi zokuqala zokuqinisekisa, kungekhona nje ukwamkela isiqinisekiso somlomo sokuba "sinazo zonke iziqinisekiso." Izehlo zokhuseleko lwebhetri yeLithium zineziphumo ezibi kakhulu kunokusilela kweasidi{2}. Le asiyondawo yokunciphisa iindleko.
Ke Ufanele Kwenza Ntoni Ngokwenyani?
24V okanye 48V? Jonga ipleyiti yedatha yesixhobo sakho. Udidi lwesithathu olulula -izixhobo zomsebenzi luqhuba i-24V, i-Class I kunye ne-II izixhobo eziqhelekileyo ziqhuba i-48V,{6}}isixhobo esinzima siqhuba i-80V. I-Voltage ayikhethi.
Lead {{0}asidi okanye i-lithium? Jonga ubungakanani bomsebenzi wakho. -umsebenzi weshifti enye{3}} ungaqwalasela ilothe -iasidi. Iinguqu ezimbini okanye ngaphezulu, i-lithium ikhuthazwa ngamandla. Iinguqu ezintathu okanye iindawo zokugcina ezibandayo, i-lithium inyanzelekile. Bala iindleko zizonke, hayi nje ixabiso lokuthenga.
Umthamo? Tshatisa ubude bexesha lokutshintsha. Ungagqithisi{1}}kwizinto ezithile okanye ngaphantsi{2}}kumbandela.
Ukuba udibanisa uthelekiso lokuthengwa kwempahla, sithumelele uluhlu lwezixhobo zakho, ishedyuli yeshifti, kunye nendawo yokusebenza. Iqela lobunjineli linokubonelela ngeengcebiso zoqwalaselo oluneenkcukacha kunye neengqikelelo ze-ROI.
