Ulawulo lokulinganisa lwenkqubo yebhetri yamandla
Ukulungelelanisa umthamo kunye nomahluko wamandla phakathi kweeseli nganye kwipakethi yebhetri kunye nokuphucula izinga lokusetyenziswa kwamandla kwipakethi yebhetri, isekethe yokulinganisa iyafuneka ngexesha lokutshaja kunye nokukhupha. Ngokusekwe kwindlela isekethe iwasebenzisa ngayo amandla ngexesha lenkqubo yokulinganisa, inokwahlulwa ibe ziindidi ezimbini eziphambili: uhlobo lokutshatyalaliswa kwamandla kunye nohlobo lokungalahli amandla{1}}. Uhlobo lokutshatyalaliswa kwamandla luchitha amandla agqithileyo njengobushushu, ngelixa amandla angengawo{3}}uhlobo lokulahla agqithisela okanye aguqule amandla agqithisileyo aye kwezinye iibhetri.
Ukutshatyalaliswa kwamandla{0}}uhlobo lolawulo lokulingana
Ukutshatyalaliswa kwamandla -uhlobo lweesekethe zokulinganisa zifezekisa ukulingana ngokuvala umjelo wokutshaja ngokusebenzisa izichasi ezihambelanayo kwiiseli zebhetri nganye, njengoko kubonisiwe kuMfanekiso 8{3}}12. Esi sakhiwo sesekethe silula, kwaye inkqubo yokulinganisa igqitywa ngokubanzi ngexesha lokutshaja. Nangona kunjalo, ayinakuzalisa amandla{5}}omthamo ophantsi weeseli zomntu ngamnye, okukhokelela kwinkcitho yamandla kunye nokwanda komthwalo kwinkqubo yolawulo lobushushu. Izixhobo zombane zohlobo lokutshatyalaliswa kwamandla ngokubanzi ziwela kwiindidi ezimbini:
Ukutshatyalaliswa kwamandla - kohlobo lwezixhobo zombane ngokubanzi ziwela kwiindidi ezimbini: Okokuqala, i-shunt resistor resistor equalization circuit circuit, apho isixhasi se-shunt sihlala siqhagamshelwe ngokunxuseneyo nebhetri nganye yeseli. Le ndlela ibonakaliswe ngokuthembeka okuphezulu kunye nexabiso elikhulu le-shunt resistor, ukunciphisa iyantlukwano kwi-voltage yeseli nganye ngenxa yokuphuma ngokwakho -kukhupha nge-shunt esisigxina. Ukungalungi kwayo kukuba i-shunt resistor ihlala idla amandla ngexesha lokutshaja kunye nokukhupha, okukhokelela ekulahlekeni okukhulu kwamandla; ngokuqhelekileyo ilungele izicelo apho amandla anokuzaliswa ngokukhawuleza.
Okwesibini, iswitsha -elawulwayo i-shunt resistor equalization charger circuit, apho i-shunt resistor ilawulwa yiswitch. Ngexesha lokutshaja, xa amandla ombane ebhetri eyedwa afikelela kumbane wokucuka, isixhobo sokulinganisa sithintela ukutshajiswa kwaye siguqula amandla agqithisileyo abe bubushushu. Le sekethi yokulinganisa isebenza ngexesha lokutshaja kwaye inokuvala okwangoku kwiiseli ezizimeleyo ezineevoltage eziphezulu ngexesha lokutshaja. Ukungalungi kwayo kukuba ngenxa yexesha elilinganiselweyo lokulinganisa, ubungakanani obukhulu bobushushu obuveliswa ngexesha le-shunt kufuneka lichithwe ngexesha elifanelekileyo ngokusebenzisa inkqubo yokulawula i-thermal, ebonakala ngokukodwa kwiipakethi zebhetri ezinomthamo omkhulu.
Ngokomzekelo, kwipakethi yebhetri ye-10Ah, umahluko wombane we-100mV unokubangela ukuhluka kwamandla angaphezu kwe-500mAh. Ukuba ixesha lokulinganisa liyi-2 iiyure, i-shunt current yi-250mA, i-shunt resistance imalunga ne-14Ω, kwaye ukushisa okwenziwayo malunga ne-2Wh.
Alulo -ulawulo lokutshatyalaliswa kwamandla okulinganisa
-Iisekethe ezingezizo zokulahla amandla zisebenzisa amandla amancinci kuneesekethe zokuchitha amandla, kodwa ubume bazo besekethe buntsokothile. Zinokwahlulwa zibe ziindidi ezimbini: ukulinganisa ukuguqulwa kwamandla kunye nokulingana kokudluliselwa kwamandla.
Ukuguqulwa kwamandla okulinganisa
Uguqulo lokuguqula amandla lusebenzisa imiqondiso yokutshintsha ukugcwalisa amandla eeseli nganye ukusuka kwipakethi yebhetri iyonke okanye ukuguqula amandla eseli nganye abuyisele kwipakethi yebhetri iyonke. Ukuguqulwa ukusuka kumandla weseli nganye ukuya kumandla onke ngokuqhelekileyo kwenzeka ngexesha lenkqubo yokutshaja ibhetri, njengoko kubonisiwe kuMfanekiso 8-13. Le sekethi ibona umbane weseli nganye yomntu; xa i-voltage yeseli nganye ifikelela kwixabiso elithile, imodyuli yokulinganisa iqala ukusebenza. Iphambukisa umjelo wokutshaja kwiseli nganye ukunciphisa i-voltage yokutshaja, kwaye i-current diverted current iguqulwa yimodyuli kwaye ibuyiselwe kwibhasi yokutshaja, ukufezekisa ukulinganisa. Ezinye iindlela zokuguqula amandla zinokusebenzisa ii-inductors ezikhululekileyo ukugqibezela uguqulo lwamandla ukusuka kwiiseli ezizimeleyo ukuya kwibhetri.
Isekethe yokuguqula amandla ebhetri yonke ipakethe kwiiseli ezizimeleyo iboniswe kuMfanekiso 8-14. Le ndlela ikwabizwa ngokuba yi-supplementary balancing. Ngexesha lenkqubo yokutshaja, imodyuli ephambili yokutshaja kuqala ihlawulisa ipakethi yebhetri, ngelixa i-voltage ye-voltage yesekethe ibeka iliso kwiseli nganye. Xa i-voltage yayo nayiphi na iseli yomntu iphezulu kakhulu, isekethe yokutshaja engundoqo iyacima, kwaye imodyuli yokutshaja eyongezelelweyo iqala ukutshaja ipakethi yebhetri. Ngoyilo oluphuculweyo, amandla ombane wokutshaja kwimodyuli yokulinganisa isetyenziswa kwiseli nganye nge-converter ezimeleyo ye-DC/DC kunye ne-coaxial coil transformer, yongeza ukujikajika kwesibini okufanayo. Oku kuqinisekisa ukuba iiseli ezinombane ophezulu zifumana amandla amancinci ukusuka kwisekethe yokutshaja encedisayo, ngelixa iiseli ezinombane ophantsi zifumana amandla amaninzi, ngaloo ndlela zifezekisa ukulinganisa. Ingxaki ngale ndlela kukuba ukulawula ukuhambelana kokujikeleza kwesibini kunzima. Nokuba ngamajiko afanayo, kuthathelwa ingqalelo i-transformer leakage inductance kunye ne-mutual inductance phakathi kwe-windings yesibini, iiseli zomntu ngamnye zinokungafumani umbane wokutshaja ofanayo. Ngaphezu koko, i-coaxial coil iphinda ihlangabezane nokuchithwa kwamandla, kwaye le ndlela yokulinganisa ijongana kuphela nokungalingani kwentlawulo, ukusilela ukulungisa ukungalingani kwimeko yokukhupha.
Ukuhanjiswa kwaMandla oBhalana
Ugqithiso lwamandla ulungelelaniso lisebenzisa izinto zokugcina amandla ezifana nee-inductors okanye ii-capacitors ukudlulisa intlawulo ukusuka phezulu-umthamo weseli nganye ukuthoba{1}}umthamo weeseli ngaphakathi kwipakethi yebhetri, njengoko kubonisiwe kuMfanekiso 8{3}}15. Le sekethi idlulisela amandla phakathi kweeseli ezimeleneyo ngokutshintsha ii-capacitors, i-charge ehambisa ukusuka{4}}kwi-voltage ukuya kwi-low{7}}iiseli ze-voltage ukuphumeza ukulungelelanisa. Kungenjalo, ukuhanjiswa kwamandla okuphinda-phindwe kabini phakathi kweeseli ezimeleneyo kunokufezekiswa kusetyenziswa ukugcinwa kwamandla okuguquguqukayo. Le sekethi inolahleko lwamandla asezantsi kakhulu, kodwa ifuna ugqithiso oluninzi ngexesha lokulinganisa, okukhokelela kwixesha elide lokulinganisa kwaye iyenze ingafaneleki kwiipakethi -zebhetri zeseli. Uphuculo lwe-capacitor{10}}ukutshintsha indlela yokulinganisa inokunyusa isantya sokulinganisa ngokukhetha esona-iphezulu i-voltage kunye neeseli ezisezantsi-voltage zogqithiso lwamandla. Nangona kunjalo, ukuzimisela kwamandla kunye nokuphunyezwa kwesekethe yokutshintsha kwi-balance transfer yamandla kunzima.
Ngaphandle kwezi ndlela zokulinganisa zingentla, ukutshaja okuncinci kungasetyenziswa ukuphumeza ukulingana kwebhetri ngexesha lokutshaja izicelo. Le yeyona ndlela ilula kwaye ayifuni uncediso lwesekethe lwangaphandle. Ibandakanya ukutshaja ngokuqhubekayo uthotho{2}oluqhagamshelwe kwipakethi yebhetri enomsinga omncinci. Ngenxa yokuba umsinga wokutshaja uncinci kakhulu, ukutshaja kakhulu kunempembelelo encinci kwibhetri egcwele ngokupheleleyo. Kuba ibhetri egcwaliswe ngokupheleleyo ayinakuguqula amandla ombane amaninzi abe ngamandla ekhemikhali, amandla agqithisileyo aya kuguqulwa abe bubushushu. Iibhetri ezingahlawuliswanga ngokupheleleyo, nangona kunjalo, zingaqhubeka zifumana amandla ombane de zifikelele kwintlawulo epheleleyo. Ngale ndlela, emva kwexesha elide, zonke iibhetri ziya kufikelela kwintlawulo epheleleyo, ngaloo ndlela kufezekiswa ukulingana kwamandla. Nangona kunjalo, le ndlela idinga ixesha elide lokutshaja lokulinganisa kwaye idla isixa esikhulu samandla ukuphumeza ukulingana. Ngaphezu koko, le ndlela ayisebenzi ekulawuleni ukulingana kokukhupha.
Iingxaki kwiSicelo
Izisombululo zolungelelwaniso lwebhetri ezikhoyo ziqinisekisa ubukhulu bebhetri ngokusekwe kumbane wepakethi yebhetri{0}}ivoltheji{1}esekelwe kwindlela yokulungelelanisa. Ukufezekisa ukulungelelanisa ipakethi yebhetri, ukuchaneka okuphezulu kunye nokuchaneka ekubhaqweni kombane kubalulekile. Ukuvuza kwangoku kwisekethe yokufumanisa i-voltage kuchaphazela ngokuthe ngqo ukuhambelana kwepakethi yebhetri. Ke ngoko, ukuyila isekethe elula kunye nesebenzayo yokufumanisa umbane ngumngeni ophambili wokulinganisa iisekethe. Ngaphaya koko, i-voltage ayingokuphela komlinganiselo womthamo webhetri. Ukuchasana kwangaphakathi kunye nokuchasana noqhagamshelwano kwindlela yokudibanisa nayo kubangela ukuhluka kombane. Ke ngoko, ukuxhomekeka kuphela kumbane wokulinganisa kunokukhokelela ngaphezulu-kukulungelelanisa kunye nokumosha amandla. Kwiimeko ezigqithisileyo, inokubangela ukungalingani kwipakethi yebhetri, ngaphandle kokulinganisa umthamo wokuqala.
Iisekethe zokuchithwa kwamandla zilula kwisakhiwo, kodwa i-resistors yokulinganisa idla amandla ngexesha lokutshatyalaliswa kwangoku kwaye ivelise ubushushu, ibangela imiba yolawulo lwe-thermal. Kuba banqanda ngokugqithisileyo i-terminal voltages ephezulu okanye ephantsi kwiiseli zomntu ngamnye ngokuchitha amandla, zilungele kuphela ukulinganisa okumileyo. Ukunyuka kwawo{2}}ubushushu obuphezulu kunciphisa ukuthembeka kwenkqubo, kubenze bangafaneleki ukulinganisa okuguquguqukayo. Le ndlela ifanele kuphela iipakethi zebhetri ezincinci okanye ezisezantsi.
Iisekethe zokhutshelo lwamandla yindlela yembuyekezo yesakhono sebhetri, apho ibhetri ephezulu{0}}yamandla igalela amandla athile ukuhlawula{1}}umthamo webhetri osezantsi. Ngelixa inokwenzeka, le ndlela intsonkothile, inkulu, kwaye iyabiza ngenxa yesidingo sokujongwa kwamandla ombane kwiiseli zomntu ngamnye kwisekethe yokwenyani. Ngaphezu koko, ukuhanjiswa kwamandla kufezekiswa ngokusebenzisa indawo yokugcina amandla, eyazisa ukusetyenziswa kwamandla kunye nemiba yokulawula. Le ndlela yokulinganisa isetyenziswa ngokubanzi phakathi ukuya kwiipakethi zebhetri ezinkulu.
Iisekethe zokuguqula amandla, ngakolunye uhlangothi, sebenzisa ukunikezelwa kwamandla okutshintsha ukufezekisa ukuguqulwa kwamandla. Xa kuthelekiswa neesekethe zokuhambisa amandla, azinzima kakhulu kwaye azibizi kakhulu. Nangona kunjalo, kwiikhoyili ze-coaxial, ubude obuhlukeneyo kunye neemilo zeengcingo ezidibanisa i-windings kwiseli nganye zikhokelela kwiinguqu ezahlukeneyo, ezikhokelela ekulinganisweni okungahambelaniyo kweseli nganye kwaye kubangele iimpazamo zokulinganisa. Ukongeza, i-coaxial coil ngokwayo idla amandla ngenxa yokuvuza kwe-electromagnetic kunye neminye imiba.
