Yintoni inkqubo yokupholisa?
Umbuzo ovela kuJames Wong, eFremont, eCalifornia.
Ndisebenza kwiplanti endala yeGM-Toyota NUMMI apha kwaye sive ukuba sizokwakha imoto yombane ngenye imini. Abantu bahlala bethetha ngokupholisa ibhetri. Lithini ibali lokwenyani?
Iphendulwe nguRichard Flagan, uNjingalwazi wezobuNjineli beMichiza kunye nobuNjineli beNdalo, eCaltech.
(Ndenza umsebenzi we-aerosol ubukhulu becala, kodwa ndiye ndatsalwa kwiiprojekthi ezimbalwa zebhetri kunye ne-JPL kunye neenkampani zemoto mva nje.)
Ipakethi ye-lithium - yenza ubushushu obumangalisayo xa uyityhala. Ipakethi ye-60 kWh ngentlawulo ye-3C inokulahla i-15–20 kW yobushushu. Leyo sisifudumezi esincinci esisebenza ngaphakathi kumgangatho wemoto. Yiyeke kwaye iiseli eziphakathi zibethe i-60℃ngelixa usazama ukufikelela kwi-80 % yentlawulo. Ubomi buhla ngokukhawuleza ngaphezu kwe-45 degree, ngoko kufuneka ukhuphe ubushushu ngaphandle.
Uninzi lweepakethi ngoku zisebenzisa iipleyiti ezibandayo zealuminiyam malunga ne-4-6 mm ubukhulu kunye nomjelo ogxininisiweyo ngaphakathi. Utyibilika ipleyiti enye phakathi kweemodyuli nganye ezimbini okanye phantsi komqolo ngamnye weengxowa. Ipleyiti igcwele umaleko obhityileyo we-thermal paste ngokuchasene ne-cell bottoms. Iipleyiti ze-GM ze-Ultium zinjalo. UTesla wayemane ejija ityhubhu engqukuva phantsi kweminyaka yee-18650s kunye no-2170s kwi-zigzag{8}}efana ne-spaghetti, isebenza kakuhle, kodwa kubuhlungu ukudityaniswa. Ipakethi entsha ye-4680 eTexas iye kwiribhoni egoqiweyo ebanzi endaweni yetyhubhu engqukuva. Kulula ukuweld.
Isipholisi siphantse sisoloko sinama-50/50 amanzi-glycol kunye nezithinteli eziqhelekileyo. Ezinye iimoto zomdyarho ziqhuba i-glycol esulungekileyo okanye ioyile ye-silicone, kodwa akukho mntu uyithumelayo kubathengi. Ukuhamba kudla ngokuba yi-10–20 yeelitha ngomzuzu kwipakethi enkulu. Impompo yinto encinci ye-400 W ye-brushless esebenza kwi-12 V. Ihlala phantsi kwe-hood okanye kwi-frunk.
Iradiyetha ihleli phambi kweA/C condenser. Kwisantya sikahola wendlela ufumana umoya omninzi, kodwa uhleli kwi-Supercharger kwi-110℃F ngosuku e-Barstow ifeni yombane kufuneka itsale nzima. Yiyo loo nto uTesla wongeze ivalve encinci ye-octopus kwiminyaka embalwa edlulileyo{3}ivumela i-chiller iboleke ifriji ebandayo kwikhabhathi ye-A/C loop xa kushushu ngokwenene.
Ukusasazeka kobushushu ngumbulali. Ukuba eyona seli ipholileyo ngama 25℃kwaye eyona ishushu yi 40℃ulahlekelwa mhlawumbi yi 15–20 % yobomi bomjikelo wepakethi. Ke i-inlet manifold kufuneka yahlule ukuhamba ngokulinganayo. Ezinye iinkampani zisebenza ngomatshini kwisebe ngalinye. Abanye benza nje itshaneli zibe zinde kwaye zibhitye ukuze uxinzelelo lwehlise amandla okuhamba ngokulinganayo. BYD's blade cell pack iqhuba into epholileyo ecaleni komphetho weseli endaweni yasezantsi{9}ibanga ukufana okungcono.
Imozulu ebandayo yinxalenye akukho mntu wathetha ngayo ngo-1999. Ngezantsi malunga ne-0℃awukwazi ukubiza ngokukhawuleza okanye ipleyiti yensimbi ye-lithium kwaye ubulale iseli. Ke lalophu inye epholayo ngoku kufuneka ishushu. Isifudumezi se-PTC esine-3–5 kW sihlala kwindawo yokugcina amanzi okanye kanye emva kwempompo. I-BMS ijonge umbane weseli njengokhetshe ngexesha lokutshisa kwangaphambili.
Uxinzelelo ludla ngokuba yi-1–1.5 bar gauge. Igcina iqondo lokubila liphezulu malunga ne-115-120℃ukuze ungaze ufumane iipokotho zomphunga ukuba iseli ithatha isigqibo sokuphuma exothermic.
Siye saqhuba imodyuli yeeseli ezingama-30-kwibhentshi kunyaka ophelileyo e-JPL. Ngokupholisa kuhambe ukusuka kwi-25℃ukuya kwi-65℃kwimizuzu esibhozo kwi-200 A ukukhutshwa. Vula ipompo kwi-12 L / min kwaye yahlala kwi-38 degree. Imizuzu esibhozo ngokuchasene nekhe-yiyo loo nto yonke ipakethe enzulu inokupholisa ulwelo ngoku.
Lo ngumfanekiso osisiseko. Iinkcukacha zitshintsha unyaka ngamnye wemodeli, kodwa i-physics ayitshintshi.
