IKhatyhuleyitha yeXesha lokuTshaja ibhetri: Lixesha elingakanani ukuTshaja ngokupheleleyo
Ndingene kweli shishini ngomnyango ongasemva. Yaqala njengekontraka yombane isenza uhlaziyo lwephaneli yeendawo zokugcina iimpahla, bendihlala ndibuzwa imibuzo yebhetri endingakwazi ukuyiphendula, ekugqibeleni ndagqiba ekubeni ndichithe ixesha elininzi kwiinkqubo zamandla kunocingo. Yayingu 2016. Kwiminyaka esibhozo emva koko ndiye ndachukumiseka mhlawumbi 400 ufakelo lweforklift yebhetri ngapha eMbindi-mpuma naseMazantsi-mpuma, ubukhulu becala utshintsho olusuka kwilothe{4}}yeasidi ukuya kwi-lithium.
Umbuzo wexesha lokuhlawula uvela phantse kuyo yonke ifowuni yokuthengisa. Abaphathi beeFlethi bafuna inombolo. "Uza kuhlawulisa ixesha elingakanani?" Umbuzo olula, impendulo entsonkothileyo. Ifomula ekhawulezayo esetyenziswa ngumntu wonke kwi-intanethi iya kukufumana ebholeni, kodwa ndiyibukele kwaloo fomula inye ibangela impazamo eyi-$340,000 kwindawo yokugcina izinto ezibandayo e-Indianapolis. Baye balinganisa iziseko zabo zokutshaja ngokusekwe kumanani enkcazo-bungcali, emva koko bafumanisa ukuba amaxesha abo entlawulo aye ahamba ngama-40% ubude kuba akukho mntu ubalela iqondo lobushushu elikwiqondo eli-2 kwindawo yabo yesikhenkcisi. Kuthathe iinyanga ezisibhozo ukufumana imvume yohlahlo lwabiwo-mali kuhlaziyo lombane ebekufanele ukuba belwenzile kwasekuqaleni.,
Ke mandihambe ndijonge eyona nto ibalulekileyo ekubaleni ixesha lentlawulo, kwaye okona kubaluleke kakhulu, ukuba amanani athetha ntoni kwisigqibo sakho sokuthenga.
Iifomula kunye nesizathu sokuba baxoke kuwe
Ubalo olusisiseko lukuyo yonke indawo kwi-intanethi:
Ixesha lokutshaja=Umthamo webhetri (Ah) ÷ Ukutshaja ngoku (A)
Ibhetri ye-200Ah enetshaja ye-20A ithatha iiyure ezili-10. Ugqibile.
Ngaphandle kokuba ayisebenzi ngaloo ndlela. Loo fomula ithatha i-100% yokutshaja ngokufanelekileyo, engekhoyo. Yonke i-chemistry yebhetri ilahlekelwa amandla ngexesha lokutshaja. I-LiFePO4 iqhuba i-95% ukuya kwi-98% ngokuxhomekeke kumgangatho weseli kunye nobushushu. Ndiye ndavavanya iiseli ze-CATL 280Ah ezibethe i-97.8% kwiqondo lobushushu begumbi, kodwa ibhetshi yeeseli zebhajethi ezivela kwi-Tier{16}}3 umthengisi kunyaka ophelileyo kuphela ukulawula i-93.2% phantsi kweemeko ezifanayo. Iikhemistri ze-NMC zidla ngokuwela phakathi kwe-90% kunye ne-95%. I-lead-asidi ikwimephu yonke, naphi na ukusuka kwi-68% kwibhetri endala kwimozulu ebandayo ukuya kuthi ga kwi-85% entsha kubushushu obufanelekileyo.
Ukusebenza{0}ifomula ehlengahlengisiweyo:
Ixesha lokuTshaja=Umthamo webhetri (Ah) ÷ (Ukutshaja ngoku (A) × UFanelo)
Loo 200Ah ibhetri 20A kunye 95% ukusebenza okunene kuthatha 10.5 iiyure. Nge 85% ekhokelayo-ubuchule beasidi, ujonge iiyure eziyi-11.8.
Kodwa kulapho uninzi lweekhaltyhuleyitha luyeka khona, kwaye kulapho iingxaki zokwenyani ziqala khona.
I-CC {{0}Ukutshaja kweCV: Kutheni i-20% yokugqibela ithatha uPhakade
Yonke itshaja ye-lithium isebenzisa inkqubo yesigaba -ezibini. Inqanaba lokuqala lisebenza ngokuqhubekayo, apho itshaja ityhala i-amperage ezinzileyo kwibhetri de amandla ombane afike kumda ongaphezulu. Kwi-LiFePO4 yi-3.65V ngeseli, okuthetha ukuba yi-58.4V yepakethi ye-48V eqhelekileyo. I-NMC inqumla kwi-4.2V kwiseli nganye.
I-Constant current ikwenza ube malunga ne-80% yentlawulo. Ifomula elula isebenza ngokufanelekileyo ngokufanelekileyo kwesi sahlulo.
Emva koko itshaja itshintshela kwimodi yombane rhoqo. I-voltage ihlala ilungisiwe ngelixa i-tapeter yangoku ihla kancinci. Ibhetri "igcwele" xa ikhoyo ngoku ihla ukuya malunga ne-3% yexabiso lokuqala leCC. Esi sigaba sigcwalisa i-20% eseleyo kodwa sinokutya i-30% ukuya kwi-40% yexesha lakho lokuhlawula lilonke.
Ndandidla ngokucinga ukuba le nto yayiyinkcukacha yobugcisa de iziko lokuhambisa eMemphis lindibonise iinkuni zabo zokutshaja. Baye bacwangcisa iitshaja zabo ukuba ziqhawule emva kweeyure ezi-2.5 ngokusekelwe kubalo olucingela ukutshaja ngomnxeba. Ibhetri enye ibimi ku-83% ukuya 86% SOC. Abaqhubi babo babecinga ukuba baneeyure ezisi-8 zexesha lokusebenza kwaye babefumana i-6.5 ukuya kwisi-7.
Ixesha lesigaba seCV nalo liyenyuka njengoko iibhetri zikhula. Inqaku le-BU{5}}409 kwiYunivesithi yeBattery igubungela lo mcimbi ngokweenkcukacha. Iseli ethotyiweyo ene-82% eshiyekileyo umthamo ayihlawulisi ngokukhawuleza kuba kukho umthamo omncinci wokuzalisa. Ithatha ixesha elilinganayo njengeseli entsha kuba ingena kwimowudi yeCV kwangethuba kwaye ichitha ixesha elide kwi taper yangoku. Isifaniso sabo siluncedo: imbaleki eselula ibaleka iye kufika ekugqibeleni ingakhange icothe, ngelixa imbaleki endala iqala ukuhamba embindini.
Iimpembelelo zobushushu eziBalulekileyo
Amaphepha athile abonisa ukusebenza kwi-25 degree. Zange ndayibona indlu yokugcina impahla egcina i25 degrees unyaka{3}kujikelezo kwindawo yokutshaja.
Phakathi kwe-20 kunye ne-25 degree, yonke into isebenza njengoko kulindelekile. Lo sisiseko sakho.
Phakathi kwe-5℃kunye ne-20 degree, uya kubona mhlawumbi i-5% ukuya kwi-15% yokunciphisa umthamo kunye namaxesha amade kancinane entlawulo. Uninzi lwemisebenzi aluqapheli.
Phakathi kwe-0 kunye ne-5 degree, i-BMS kuyo nayiphi na inkqubo ehloniphekileyo iya kuqalisa ukunciphisa intlawulo yangoku. Lindela amaxesha entlawulo ukuba aphindwe kabini okanye kathathu. Ndilinganise iipakethi ze-48V 400Ah ezihlawulisa kwiiyure ze-2.5 kwi-degree ye-22 ithatha iiyure ze-7 kwi-3 degree.
Ngezantsi kwe-0℃kulapho izinto ziba yingozi. Ukutshaja i-LiFePO4 ngaphantsi komkhenkce kubangela i-lithium plating kumphezulu we-anode. Lo monakalo usisigxina kwaye uyongezeleka, unciphisa zombini umthamo kunye nobomi bomjikelezo ngayo yonke into eyenzekayo. Iibhloko ze-BMS ezifanelekileyo ukutshaja ngokupheleleyo kula maqondo obushushu, kodwa ndidibene neenkqubo ezingabizi kakhulu ezibonisa kuphela isibane esilumkisayo kwaye zivumele umqhubi ukuba abhale ngaphezulu. Ungaze uthembe i-BMS ekuvumela ukuba uhlawule ngaphantsi kwe-0 degree. Inqaku le-BU-410 kwiYunivesithi yeBattery libhala indlela ye-lithium plating kwaye ibonisa imifanekiso ye-microscopy yomonakalo.
Ngaphezulu kwe-45 degree, ukutshaja kukhawulezisa ukuthotywa kwexabiso. Ukuba indawo yakho yokutshaja iyatshisa ehlotyeni, susa iitshaja kwindawo enye okanye wongeze umoya. Ndibone iipakethi ziphulukana nomthamo we-15% ngehlobo elinye ngenxa yokuba bezitshaja ngasezantsi{4}zijongene nedokhi yokulayisha ngaphandle kokuhamba komoya.
Ukuthathwa okusebenzayo: ukubalwa kwexesha lakho lokutshaja kufuna iqondo lolungiso lobushushu. Itheyibhile engezantsi ibonisa into endiyisebenzisayo kuqikelelo lweprojekthi.
| Uluhlu lobushushu | Umthamo okhoyo | UkuTshaja ixesha lokuphindaphinda | Inqanaba lomngcipheko |
|---|---|---|---|
| Iqondo lama-20 ukuya kuma-25 | 100% | 1.0x | Akukho nanye |
| I-10 idigri ukuya kwi-20 degree | 95% ukuya kwi-100% | 1.0x ukuya 1.1x | Phantsi |
| I-5℃ukuya kwi-10 degree | 88% ukuya kuma-95% | 1.1x ukuya ku-1.3x | Phakathi |
| I-0℃ukuya kwi-5 degree | 75% ukuya kuma-88% | 1.5x ukuya ku-2.5x | Phezulu, ngoku kuncitshisiwe |
| Ngaphantsi kwe-0 degree | 50% ukuya kuma-75% | Ukutshaja kuvaliwe | Umngcipheko wokufakwa kwe-lithium |
| 35 ukuya kwi-45 degree | 100% | 1.0x | Ukuguga okukhawulezileyo |
| Ngaphezulu kwe-45 degree | 100% | 1.0x | Ukuthotywa okubonakalayo |
Ingxaki yoKhetho lwesakhono Akukho mntu uthetha ngayo
Uninzi lweengxoxo ze-intanethi zithatha umthamo webhetri njengombuzo olula "omkhulu ungcono". Ngokwenyani, ukhetho phakathi kobungakanani beeseli ludala urhwebo oluchaphazela ukuziphatha kokutshaja, ulawulo lwe-thermal, kunye nokuthembeka{1}}kwexesha elide.
Iiseli ezinkulu zeprismatic ezifana ne-280Ah okanye iifomati ze-314Ah zinexabiso eliphantsi nge-kWh nganye. Kodwa umphezulu wabo-ukuya{4}}umlinganiselo wevolumu umncinci, oko kuthetha ukuba bagcina ubushushu ngcono kodwa bafudumale kwingqele yokuthoba kancinci kancinci.
Ndiqhube iimvavanyo zokuthelekisa ebusika obudlulileyo kwi-100Ah kunye neeseli ze-280Ah ezivela kumenzi ofanayo. Ukuqala ukusuka -15 idigri, iiseli ze-100Ah zifikelele kwiqondo lokushisa elikhuselekileyo lokutshaja kwimizuzu eyi-14 kunye nenkqubo yethu yokufudumeza eqhelekileyo. Iiseli ze-280Ah zithathe imizuzu engama-23. Phantse imizuzu eli-10 umahluko kumjikelo wentlawulo.
Kushifti olucwangcisiweyo lwemisebenzi enokuxelwa kwangaphambili yokutshaja iifestile, oku akunakubaluleka. Qalisa i-heater kwimizuzu engama-30 kwangoko kwaye iibhetri zilungile xa uzifuna. Kwi{3}kwimfuno yezicelo ezinokuthunyelwa ngokungaqhelekanga, loo mizuzu eyi-10 eyongezelelweyo inokunyakaza kulo lonke umsebenzi wakho.
Omnye umba yiseli{0}}ukuya{1}}ukuhambelana kweseli. Ipakethi eyakhiwe kwiiseli ze-100Ah ineeseli ezininzi ezifuna ukuhlala zilungelelene. Kodwa ezo seli zincinci zidla ngokubonisa ukungaguquguquki ngakumbi kwibhetshi kuba i-gradients ezishushu ngexesha lemveliso zincinci. Umxhasi omnye utshintshe ukusuka kwiiseli ezingama-320Ah ukuya kwiiseli eziyi-100Ah ngakumbi kuba iBMS yabo yayihlala isothuse ngokwahluka kwamandla ombane. Ipakethi ye-320Ah ibonisa rhoqo i-50mV ukusasazeka phakathi kweeseli. Ipakethi yokutshintsha ye-100Ah ihlala phantsi kwe-15mV.
Oku kubalulekile kwixesha lentlawulo kuba ulungelelwaniso lwe-BMS lwenzeka ekupheleni komjikelo wentlawulo. Ukwahluka kwamandla ombane amakhulu kuthetha ixesha elide lokulinganisa, elongeza ixesha elipheleleyo lokufikelela kwintlawulo epheleleyo yokwenyani.
| Ukuma kweSeli | Iindleko ngekWh nganye | UkuBuyisa kwakhona kwe-Cold Soak | Ukuhambelana kweBatch | Eyona Isicelo |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 100Ah prismatic | Phezulu (+15% ukuya kuma-20%) | Ngokukhawuleza (imizuzu eyi-14 ukusuka -15 degree) | Kuqina (ngokuqhelekileyo<15mV spread) | Iishedyuli eziguquguqukayo, iindawo ezibandayo |
| 280Ah prismatic | Ngasezantsi | Kancinci (imizuzu engama-23 ukusuka -15 degree) | Phakathi (20-40mV ukusasazeka okuqhelekileyo) | Iishedyuli ezimiselweyo, ubushushu obulawulwayo |
| 314Ah prismatic | Elona liphantsi | Ucotha | Iguquguquka ngokomvelisi | Eziphezulu-usetyenziso lwesakhono, iindleko-ezinobuzaza |
C-UKhetho lweRayithi kunye noNyaniso{1}}Amaxesha oTshato lweHlabathi
C-umlinganiselo ubonisa ukutshaja okwangoku njengobuninzi bomthamo. Ibhetri ye-100Ah yokutshaja kwi-1C ifumana i-100 amps. Kwi-0.5C, ifumana i-50 amps.
Ubudlelwane phakathi kwe-C-yesantya kunye nexesha lentlawulo alikho mgca ngenxa yesigaba se-CV. Ukuphinda kabini umsinga wakho wokutshaja akulehlisi ngesiqingatha ixesha lakho lilonke lokutshaja.
Kwi-0.5C, ipakethe ye-LiFePO4 eqhelekileyo ithatha malunga nemizuzu eyi-100 kwimodi ye-CC ukufikelela kwi-80% ye-SOC, emva koko enye i-40 ukuya kwi-50 imizuzu kwimodi ye-CV ukugqiba ukutshaja. Iyonke malunga neeyure ezi-2.5.
Kwi-1C, isigaba se-CC siyehla ukuya kwimizuzu engama-50, kodwa isigaba seCV sithatha imizuzu engama-35 ukuya kuma-45. Iyonke malunga neeyure eziyi-1.5.
Uliphinde kabini eli langoku kodwa unciphise ixesha lilonke ngama-40%. Isigaba se-CV sinokulungiswa nokokuba sithini na ireyithi yeCC.
Kwi-2C (ukuba iiseli zakho ziyayixhasa), isigaba seCC siyehla ukuya mhlawumbi kwimizuzu engama-25, isigaba seCV sihlala malunga nemizuzu engama-30 ukuya kwengama-40. Iyonke malunga neyure enye. Uphinde waphinda kane ixesha langoku xa uthelekisa ne-0.5C kodwa unciphise ixesha ngama-60%.
| C-Ireyithi | Ixesha leSigaba seCC | Ixesha leSigaba seCV | Ixesha lokuTyala lilonke | Isizukulwana sobushushu | Iindleko zeziseko zophuhliso |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0.25C | ~3.5 iiyure | ~50 min | ~iiyure ezi-4.3 | Ubuncinci | Isiseko |
| 0.5C | ~1.7 iiyure | ~ 45 min | ~2.4 iiyure | Phantsi | Isiseko |
| 1C | ~50 min | ~imizuzu engama-40 | ~1.5 iiyure | Phakathi | +20% ukuya kwi-30% |
| 2C | ~imizuzu engama-25 | ~35 min | ~1 iyure | Phezulu, kufuna ukupholisa okusebenzayo | +60% ukuya kuma-80% |
Ikholamu yokuvelisa ukushisa ibalulekile. Amazinga aphezulu C{1} athetha amandla amaninzi alahlekileyo njengobushushu ngaphakathi kweeseli. Ngaphandle kolawulo olwaneleyo lwe-thermal, ubushushu beseli bukhuphuka ngexesha lokutshaja, nto leyo eyenza ukuba i-BMS ihlawulwe, eyandisa ixesha lokutshaja, eloyisa ngokuyinxenye injongo yokutshaja ngokukhawuleza. Ndiyibonile i-2C-iinkqubo ezilinganisiweyo ezithatha ixesha elide kuneenkqubo ze-1C kwiindawo ezishushu kuba i-BMS ichitha isiqingatha somjikelo kwimo yokukhusela i-thermal.
Apho ixesha lokuhlawuliswa lingena kwiFleet Economics
Apha kulapho kwenziwa khona izigqibo zokuthengwa kweempahla neenkonzo. Ixesha lokuhlawulisa alikho nje inkcazo yobugcisa. Ichaphazela ngqo ukuba zingaphi iibhetri ozifunayo, zingaphi iitshaja ozifunayo, kunye nokuba iziseko zombane zakho zinokuwuthwala na umthwalo.
Mandisebenze ngothelekiso lokwenyani esilwenzileyo kunyaka ophelileyo kumsebenzi we-3PL e-Dallas eqhuba i-36 Udidi loku-1 hlala-phantsi kwi-forklifts kwiishifti ezimbini.
Imeko A: Khokela-asidi ngokutshintshana kwebhetri
Indlela yemveli. I-forklift nganye idinga iiseti ezintathu zebhetri: enye isebenza, enye itshaja, enye ipholisa. I-Lead-ibhetri zeasidi zidinga ixesha lokutshaja iiyure ezisi-8 kunye neeyure ezisi-8 zokuphola phambi kokuba ziphinde zisetyenziswe. Itotali yeebhetri ze-108 malunga ne-$4,200 nganye kwiiyunithi ze-48V 600Ah.
Iindleko zokusebenza zonyaka zibandakanya umbane (i-lead{{0}asidi yokujikeleza{1}}ubuchule bohambo malunga ne-80% ithetha ilahleko enkulu), ukunkcenkceshela kunye nokulungisa umsebenzi, igumbi lebhetri i-HVAC, kunye noovimba bokutshintsha. Lead{{4}iasidi kusetyenziso olunzima{5}}izicelo zidla ngokuthatha i-1,500 ukuya kwi-2,000 imijikelo, nto leyo eguqulela ukuya kwi-3 ukuya kwi-4 iminyaka kwi-shift{12} ezimbini.
Imeko B: I-Lithium enethuba lokutshaja
Iibhetri zeLiFePO4 zinokuhlawulisa ngexesha lekhefu ngaphandle komonakalo okanye iimfuno zokupholisa. I-forklift nganye idinga ibhetri enye. Itotali yebhetri ye-36 malunga ne-$ 11,800 nganye kwiiyunithi ze-LFP ezilinganayo ze-48V 400Ah (umthamo omncinci ofunekayo kuba i-lithium inika umthamo opheleleyo ngexesha lokukhutshwa, ngokungafaniyo nelothe{8}}iasidi ekufuneka ihlale ngaphezulu kwe-50% ukugcina ubomi).
| Iindleko Category | I-Lead-Acid (36 forklifts) | LiFePO4 (36 forklifts) | Umahluko |
|---|---|---|---|
| Ixabiso lokuqala lebhetri | $453,600 (108 × $4,200) | $424,800 (36 × $11,800) | I-LFP igcina i-$ 28,800 |
| Iziseko zetshaja | $86,400 (36 × $2,400) | $64,800 (36 × $1,800) | I-LFP igcina i-$ 21,600 |
| Ukwakhiwa kwegumbi lebhetri | $45,000 | $0 | I-LFP igcina i-$ 45,000 |
| Ukuphuculwa kwenkonzo yombane | Ibandakanyiwe | $18,000 (incopho ephezulu yomthwalo) | Lead-asidi igcina i-$18,000 |
| Utyalo-mali lokuqala lulonke | $585,000 | $507,600 | I-LFP igcina i-$ 77,400 |
Iindleko zokusebenza zonyaka zibalisa lonke ibali:
| ICandelo leeNdleko zoNyaka | I-Lead{0}}Acid | LiFePO4 | Umahluko |
|---|---|---|---|
| Umbane (ilahleko yokutshaja) | $31,200 | $19,800 | I-LFP igcina i-$ 11,400 |
| Umsebenzi wokulungisa | $18,700 | $2,400 | I-LFP igcina i-$ 16,300 |
| Indawo yokugcina ibhetri (iminyaka eyi-10) | I-$ 113,400 / ngonyaka | $0 | I-LFP igcina i-$ 113,400 |
| Umsebenzi wokutshintsha ibhetri (15 min × 2 shifts × 250 days) | $28,125 | $0 | I-LFP igcina i-$ 28,125 |
| Igumbi lebhetri HVAC | $8,400 | $0 | I-LFP igcina i-$ 8,400 |
| Itotali yoMsebenzi woNyaka | $199,825 | $22,200 | I-LFP igcina i-$ 177,625 / ngonyaka |
Ubalo lobuyiselo logcino luthatha ilothe-iibhetri zeasidi zigqibe iminyaka eyi-3.5 ngokweavareji kwesi sicelo, ifuna ukutshintshwa malunga ne 31 yeebhetri ngonyaka nge $3,650 inye (amaxabiso ayehla kancinane ukutshintshwa njengoko i-akhawunti isekiwe). I-LiFePO4 iqinisekiswe iminyaka eyi-10 kwesi sicelo kungekho tshintsho lulindelekileyo.
IsiShwankathelo se-TCO seminyaka eyi-8:
| I-Lead{0}}Acid | LiFePO4 | |
|---|---|---|
| Utyalo-mali lokuqala | $585,000 | $507,600 |
| Iindleko zokusebenza ze-8-year | $1,598,600 | $177,600 |
| Iyonke iminyaka esi-8 ye-TCO | $2,183,600 | $685,200 |
| Iindleko ngeforklift nganye ngonyaka | $7,582 | $2,379 |
Inketho ye-lithium ixabisa i-69% ngaphantsi kweminyaka eyi-8. Intlawulo kumahluko wotyalo-mali wokuqala kwenzeka kwinyanga yesi-5.
Olu hlalutyo oluthile lusebenzise amanani asuka kumthengi waseDallas. Amanani akho aya kwahluka ngokusekelwe kumaxabiso ombane, iindleko zabasebenzi, iipateni zokutshintsha, kunye neendleko zokwakha zasekuhlaleni. Kodwa ubukhulu bomahluko bumele endikubonayo kuzo zonke ezininzi-iintshukumo zeshift.
I-Single-Shift Operations: Izibalo ezahlukeneyo
Uqoqosho lutshintsha kakhulu kwindawo enye-yeshift. Ukuba isixhobo sihlala singasebenzi iiyure ezili-14 ukuya kwezili-16 yonke imihla, ukusebenza kokutshintsha ibhetri kuyanyamalala kwi-equation, kwaye ilothe-iasidi inexesha lokutshaja ngokufanelekileyo kunye nokupholisa ngeseti yebhetri enye.
Kumsebenzi wama-20{1}}we-forklift-shift enye:
| Iindleko Category | I-Lead{0}}Acid | LiFePO4 |
|---|---|---|
| Iibhetri ezifunekayo | 20 | 20 |
| Ixabiso lokuqala lebhetri | $84,000 | $236,000 |
| Iindleko zokusebenza ze-8 | $224,000 | $48,000 |
| I-TCO yeminyaka eyi-8 | $308,000 | $284,000 |
I-Lithium isaphumelela, kodwa umda mncinci kakhulu. Intlawulo ithatha iminyaka emi-4 ukuya kwemi-5 endaweni yeenyanga ezi-5. Kumsebenzi ongaqinisekanga ngezicwangciso zabo-zexesha elide, oku kutshintsha ubalo lomngcipheko.
Ndikhe ndanabaxumi abakulemeko bakhetha ilothe-iasidi ngokukodwa kuba bebengaqinisekanga ukuba bazakuba kolo ziko kwiminyaka emi-5. Eso sisigqibo seshishini esisemthethweni.
Yintoni eyenziwa yi-BMS kwixesha lakho lokuTyala
Inkqubo yoLawulo lweBattery ilawula okwenzeka ngokwenene ngexesha lokutshaja, kwaye uyilo lwe-BMS oluphantsi lungumthombo wezona ngxaki zokutshaja endizilungisayo.
Iimpawu ezintathu zeBMS ezichaphazela ixesha lokuhlawulisa:
Ukuchaneka komlinganiselo wombane weeseli.Umzi-mveliso-umlinganiselo weeyunithi zeBMS ulinganisa umbane weseli nganye ngaphakathi ±2mV. Iiyunithi zohlahlo lwabiwo-mali zinokufikelela kuphela ±10mV. Kuluhlu lweeseli ezili-16, impazamo eyongezelekayo inokufikelela kwi-160mV. Oku kubangela ukungena kwemowudi ye-CV kwangaphambi kwexesha, iziphembeleli zokulinganisa ubuxoki, kunye nokupheliswa kwentlawulo okungahambelaniyo. Ndibone iipakethi ezibonise "100%" kumboniso kodwa eneneni bezikhona naphi na ukusuka kwi-94% ukuya kwi-102% kuxhomekeka ukuba yeyiphi iseli oyilinganiseleyo.
Ukulinganisa okwangoku kunye neqhinga.I-Pasisive balancing ichitha amandla agqithisileyo njengobushushu ngokusebenzisa izixhasi. Ulungelelwaniso olusebenzayo ludlulisela amandla phakathi kweeseli. I-Passive balancing ngokuqhelekileyo iqhuba i-50 ukuya kwi-200mA, oku kuthetha ukuba kuthatha iiyure ezi-5 ukuya kwezi-20 ukulinganisa i-1% ye-SOC umahluko phakathi kweeseli. Uninzi lweeyunithi ze-BMS zibhalansi kuphela phezulu okanye ezantsi kwejiko lentlawulo, ke ukuba awuze uhlawule ukuya kwi-100%, ukulinganisa akunakuze kuphunyezwe. Ukulinganisa okusebenzayo kubiza i-15% ukuya kwi-25% ngaphezulu kodwa iphatha ukungalingani ngokukhawuleza.
I-Thermal derating curves.Xa ubushushu beseli bunyuka, -i-BMS eyilwe kakuhle yehlisa ukutshaja ngoku ukunqanda umonakalo. Ingxaki kukuba la magophe athobayo ahluka kakhulu phakathi kwabavelisi. Ndizibonile iiyunithi ze-BMS ezisike okwangoku nge-50% kwi-35℃kunye nezinye ezigcina i-current epheleleyo ukuya kwi-45 degree. Kwaye akukho nto iphosakeleyo, kodwa ivelisa amaxesha ahlukeneyo entlawulo kwiindawo ezifudumeleyo.
Buza umthengisi wakho malunga neyona parameters ye-BMS: ukuchaneka komlinganiselo ngeseli nganye, i-bancing current kunye ne-trigger threshold, ijiko lokunciphisa i-thermal. Ukuba abakwazi ukubonelela ngezi, fumana umboneleli owahlukileyo.
Iimpazamo zokuthengwa kweempahla eziqhelekileyo
Impazamo 1: Ukusebenzisa ixesha lokuhlawuliswa kwethiyori ukulungiselela ubungakanani bezakhiwo.
Iitshaja zakho kunye nenkonzo yombane kufuneka zijongane namaxesha okwenene entlawulo, hayi izibalo. Yakha kumyinge wama-20% ubuncinane. Iindleko zokugqithiswa kancinci kancinci kuneendleko zokuphinda zifakwe kamva.
Impazamo 2: Ukungahoyi ukwahluka kwamaxesha onyaka.
Inkqubo esebenza ngokugqibeleleyo entlakohlaza inobunzima ebusika. Ukuba indawo yakho ayilawulwanga yimozulu{1}, fumana idatha yexesha lokuhlawulisa ngokomlinganiselo olindelekileyo wobushushu.
Impazamo yesi-3: Ukuphatha yonke i-lithium ngokulinganayo.
I-LiFePO4 evela kubavelisi abahlukeneyo yenza ngokwahlukileyo. Umgangatho weSeli, uyilo lwe-BMS, kunye nolawulo lobushushu zonke zichaphazela amaxesha okwenene{2}ehlabathi entlawulo. Funa idatha yovavanyo kwimveliso ethile oyithengayo, hayi imilinganiselo ye-generic "lithium battery".
Impazamo yesi-4: Ukulibala ngokuguga.
Amaxesha okutshaja ayanda njengoko iibhetri zikhula. Inkqubo engazanelisiyo iimfuno zakho xa intsha iza kuwa nganeno kunyaka wesi-3 okanye wesi-4. Uyilo lokuphela-kokusebenza kobomi, hayi ukuqala{5}ko{6}}kobomi.
I-Mistake 5: Ukubala ngokusekelwe kwimijikelo yokukhupha ngokupheleleyo.
Uninzi lwemisebenzi alusebenzisi iibhetri ukuba zingabi nanto. Ukuba umjikelo wakho oqhelekileyo ngu-60% wokukhupha, ukubala kwakho ixesha lokuhlawulisa kufuneka kusebenzise i-60%, kungekhona i-100%. Ukugqithisa ngokusekwe kumjikelo opheleleyo kumosha umthamo wezakhiwo.
Ireferensi eKhawulezayo yoQikelelo lweProjekthi
Ngeenjongo zocwangciso lokuqala phambi kobunjineli obuneenkcukacha:
48V 400Ah LiFePO4 (19.2 kWh)
Ukususela kwi-20% ye-SOC kwi-0.5C (200A): malunga neeyure ze-2 ukuya ngokupheleleyo
Ukususela kwi-20% ye-SOC kwi-1C (400A): malunga neeyure ze-1.2 ukuya ngokupheleleyo
Uhlengahlengiso lobushushu: phindaphinda nge-1.5x ngaphantsi kwe-10 degree, ngo-2x ngaphantsi kwe-5 degree
80V 500Ah LiFePO4 (40 kWh)
Ukususela kwi-20% ye-SOC kwi-0.5C (250A): malunga neeyure ze-2 ukuya ngokupheleleyo
Ukususela kwi-20% ye-SOC kwi-1C (500A): malunga neeyure ze-1.2 ukuya ngokupheleleyo
I-48V 600Ah Lead{2}}I-Acid (28.8 kWh ngokwesiqhelo, 14.4 kWh esetyenziswa kwi-50% DoD)
Ukusuka kwi-50% ye-SOC: intlawulo yeeyure ze-8 kunye neeyure ezi-8 zokupholisa
Akukho ithuba lokubiza
La manani athatha ubushushu begumbi kunye neebhetri ezisempilweni. Lungelela iimeko zakho zokwenyani.
Ukufumana amanani achanekileyo okusebenza kwakho
Iikhaltyhuleyitha zeGeneric zinika iimpendulo eziqhelekileyo. Ukufumana izigqibo zokuthengwa kweempahla ezibandakanya inkunzi ebalulekileyo, kufuneka ubalo olusekwe kwisixhobo sakho esithile, okusingqongileyo, kunye neepatheni zokusebenza.
Siqhuba uhlahlelo lwexesha lokuhlawula oluneenkcukacha njengenxalenye yeprojekthi yethu yokujonga kwiPolinovel. Sithumelele iinkcazo zebhetri yakho yangoku, ishedyuli yeshifti, uluhlu lobushushu bendawo, kunye nokufumaneka kwefestile yokutshaja. Siza kulinganisa amaxesha alindelekileyo entlawulo kwaye sikubonise ukuba ulungelelwaniso olwahlukileyo luzichaphazela njani iimfuno zakho zeziseko zophuhliso kunye ne-TCO.
Uhlalutyo lusimahla kwiiprojekthi ezingaphezu kweeyunithi ezili-10. Kwiiprojekthi ezincinci, kusafanelekile incoko ukuze uqiniseke ukuba awenzi enye yeempazamo eziqhelekileyo zokulinganisa.
Uqhagamshelwano: sales@polinovelpowbat.com
Iitheyibhile zedatha zibonisa uluhlu oluqhelekileyo lokusebenza olubonwa kubavelisi abaninzi kunye nezicelo. Iziphumo ezithile zixhomekeke kumgangatho weseli, ubumbeko lwe-BMS, iimeko zokusingqongileyo, kunye neepatheni zokusebenza. Imiba yokulungiswa kobushushu esekelwe kwi-LiFePO4 chemistry; I-NMC kunye nezinye iikhemistri zinokwahluka. Izibalo ze-TCO zisebenzisa uqikelelo oluchazwe kwisicatshulwa; ezona ziphumo zifuna isayithi{4}}uhlalutyo oluthile.
IiReferensi:
1. IYunivesithi yeBattery, "BU{2}}409: Ukutshaja iLithium-iyoni" kunye ne"BU{7}}410: Ukutshaja kumaqondo obushushu aphezulu naphantsi" (batteryuniversity.com/article/bu{10}}409{11}}ukutshaja{12}}lithiyumu{12}}3} batteryuniversity.com/article/bu{14}}410-charging-at-high-and-low-temperatures)
2. I-BloombergNEF, "uPhando lweXabiso leBattery 2024" ebhala amaxabiso epakethi ye-avareji ehla ukuya kwi-$139/kWh kwihlabathi jikelele (about.bnef.com)
